Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41969889›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in psychology2026

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of time management on college students' learning outcomes.

Baoru Liu, Ping Ma, Feihang Jia

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Baoru LiuTeacher's College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
Ping MaTeacher's College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
Feihang JiaPsychological Application Research Center, Normal College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Time management strategies are critical components of self-regulated learning and a key factor influencing learning outcomes. Although the application of time management strategies to learning behaviors has increased, their outcomes remains a subject of debate. Currently, there is a paucity of reliable, data-driven research conclusions on this topic. This study employed a meta-analytic approach to investigate the primary effect of time management on college students' learning outcomes, as well as five categories of moderating variables. Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted on 31 studies published in both Chinese and English, utilizing CMA V3 software to analyze 33 aggregated independent samples (derived from 60 original effect sizes) derived from a total sample of 13,506 participants. Results: The results indicate that time management is significantly and moderately positively correlated with college students' learning outcomes ( Discussion: These results have practical implications for designing interventions that directly support the growth of students' self-regulation capacities via structured time management training.

Indexed as

college studentslearning outcomesmeta-analysisself-regulated learningtime management

Identifiers

PMID41969889
PMCPMC13062293

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.