ArticleIndian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine2026
Duration Since Marriage as a Determinant of Infertility in an Indian Scenario: Analysis Based on National Family Health Survey Data.
Article in Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The demographic definition of female infertility is a woman of reproductive age when she fails to conceive even after 5 years of unprotected sexual intercourse. The World Health Organization estimates the overall prevalence of primary infertility in India between 3.9% and 16.8%. The present study was aimed at evaluating the "duration since marriage" (DSM) of a woman as a determinant of infertility using National Family Health Survey (NFHS), India data, as no such previous literature is available. Materials and Methods: National Family Health Survey-4 (2015-16) data of Indian married women who were yet to deliver or having no more than one child and experiencing their reproductive life (between 15 and 49 years) were included to evaluate infertility. Chi-square statistics was applied to establish association of infertility with its determinants. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the rate of infertility by different duration since marriage (DSM) categories through its determinants using IBM SPSS 20 version software Results: The risk ratios of infertility for "DSM1+," "DSM3+," and "DSM5 + years" groups were significantly higher for "30 + years" age at the marriage group (1.21%, 1.7%, and 1.78%, respectively) ( Conclusion: Higher age at marriage, rural residency, illiteracy, employment, poor wealth index, and lower BMI increased risk of infertility, while use of contraception reduced it. The Cox regression highlights these determinants as key factors of infertility and should be stressed upon for effective planning and implementation of reproductive health programs to reduce primary infertility in India.
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