Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41968805›Full record

ArticleBehavioural neurology2026

Assessing Executive Function in Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Through a Game-Based Assessment Task.

Guang Yao, Shirui Wen, Quanji Li, Yin Liu, Beibing Li, Zhi Song, Li Feng, Ding Liu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Behavioural neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Guang YaoDepartment of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, csu.edu.cn.
Shirui WenDepartment of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, csu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2082-3146
Quanji LiDepartment of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, csu.edu.cn.
Yin LiuDepartment of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, csu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3388-2575
Beibing LiPaul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, washington.edu.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-3449
Zhi SongDepartment of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, csu.edu.cn.
Li FengDepartment of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, csu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7658-1399
Ding LiuDepartment of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, csu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2776-1750

Funding

Central South University YX202205National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFC2503804National Natural Science Foundation of China 81801295National Natural Science Foundation of China 82271503
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTemporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is often accompanied by executive function (EF) impairment, highlighting the need for accessible and quantitative assessment approaches. In this study, we applied our previously developed game-based executive function assessment tool (EFAT) to evaluate EF performance in TLE patients.

methodsThirty-two TLE patients and 29 healthy controls (HCs) completed a comprehensive battery of standardized tests, including the Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT) and the Trail Making Test (TMT), as well as the EFAT. Metrics from the EFAT (number of touches, number of correct guesses, accuracy, and learning latency) were selected and analyzed.

resultsCompared with HCs, TLE patients showed significant EF deficits, including longer completion times on TMT-A (t(59) = 4.42, p < 0.001) and TMT-B (t(59) = 3.50, p = 0.001), as well as poorer SCWT-1 performance (t(59) = 2.22, p = 0.036). In the EFAT, TLE patients exhibited more touches (t(59) = -2.75, p = 0.008), fewer correct guesses (t(59) = -3.74, p < 0.001), and lower accuracy (t(59) = -2.65, p = 0.010). Game-derived metrics were significantly correlated with TMT scores.

conclusionsEFAT detected executive deficits in TLE patients across social and nonsocial conditions and offered an objective, engaging complementary tool for EF assessment. These findings support its preliminary clinical applicability.

Indexed as

Epilepsy, Temporal LobeExecutive FunctionAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsStroop TestYoung Adultexecutive functionset-shifting abilitytemporal lobe epilepsyvideo game

Identifiers

PMID41968805
PMCPMC13580808

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.