Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41968569›Full record

ArticleCancer medicine2026

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Potential Therapeutic Targets PRAME, FOLR1, and CLDN18.2 in Salivary Gland Carcinomas.

Lukas A Brust, Jan Philipp Kühn, Sandrina Körner, Moritz Knebel, Felix L Braun, Philippe Zeidan, Silke Wemmert, Bernhard Schick, Sigrun Smola, Mathias Wagner and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Lukas A BrustDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6961-8510
Jan Philipp KühnDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
Sandrina KörnerDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
Moritz KnebelDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5996-6657
Felix L BraunDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
Philippe ZeidanDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
Silke WemmertDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
Bernhard SchickDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
Sigrun SmolaInstitute of Virology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
Mathias WagnerDepartment of General and Surgical Pathology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
Martin ErtzDepartment of General and Surgical Pathology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
Maximilian LinxweilerDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Salivary gland carcinomas are rare, heterogeneous, and often resistant to conventional treatments, highlighting the need for new therapeutic strategies. This retrospective study evaluated the expression of three immunologically relevant biomarkers-PRAME, FOLR1, and CLDN18.2-as potential therapeutic targets in salivary gland carcinomas. Tumor samples from 54 patients with seven histological subtypes treated at Saarland University Medical Center between 2013 and 2023 were analyzed using immunohistochemistry and scored with the Immunoreactive Score. PRAME was strongly expressed in 89% of cases, while FOLR1 and CLDN18.2 showed markedly lower expression at 41% and 6%, respectively. High PRAME expression was significantly associated with the presence of distant metastases, regardless of histological subtype. Patients with low PRAME expression tended to have improved overall survival, as indicated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log-Rank testing. These findings suggest PRAME as a promising immunotherapeutic and diagnostic target for salivary gland carcinomas, particularly through T-cell-based therapies already under investigation in other malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia. Further preclinical studies are needed to validate the functional and therapeutic significance of PRAME, FOLR1, and CLDN18.2 in this context.

Indexed as

Antigens, NeoplasmBiomarkers, TumorClaudinsSalivary Gland NeoplasmsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansImmunohistochemistryMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesAntigens, NeoplasmBiomarkers, TumorClaudinsCLDN18 protein, humanPRAME protein, humanCLDN18.2FOLRimmunohistochemistryPRAMEsalivary gland carcinoma

Identifiers

PMID41968569
PMCPMC13071084

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.