A novel potential method for early diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome: lacrimal gland color doppler ultrasonography.

Yingjun Cai, Zhongqing Wang, Ruolan Yuan, Jingwen Liang, Yujie Ren, Jing Zou, Hua Wang

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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7 authors.

Yingjun CaiEye Center of Xiangya Hospital, National Clinical Key Specialty of Ophthalmology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.

Zhongqing WangUltrasonography Lab of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.

Ruolan YuanEye Center of Xiangya Hospital, National Clinical Key Specialty of Ophthalmology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.

Jingwen LiangEye Center of Xiangya Hospital, National Clinical Key Specialty of Ophthalmology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.

Yujie RenEye Center of Xiangya Hospital, National Clinical Key Specialty of Ophthalmology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.

Jing ZouEye Center of Xiangya Hospital, National Clinical Key Specialty of Ophthalmology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. jzou30@csu.edu.cn.

Hua WangEye Center of Xiangya Hospital, National Clinical Key Specialty of Ophthalmology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. wanghua1026@csu.edu.cn.

Funding

Central committee guides local science and technology development special project by Ministry of science and technology 2020YDDF0043Major Special Project of Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Province 2021BEG01001National Natural Science Foundation of China 81170823Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province 2022JJ40855

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Primary Sjogren's Syndrome (pSS) is characterized by earlier and more frequently involved in the lacrimal gland (LG). This study used lacrimal gland color doppler ultrasonography (LGCDUS) to explore changes in both structure and blood flow of LG in early-stage pSS patients. This is a retrospective case-control study which included 24 patients with pSS and 26 healthy controls. The size of LGs including major, minor and sagittal diameter and the hemodynamics of lacrimal artery including peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocities (EDV), and resistance index (RI), quantitatively analyzing and comparing were between the two groups based on LGCDUS. In the pSS group, correlation analysis was conducted among various parameters of LG and pSS. To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of parameters of LG, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was measured. The early-stage pSS patients showed significantly increased EDV, and decreased RI of LG (P < 0.0083, after Bonferroni correction). The LG sagittal diameter showed a significant positive correlation with C-reactive protein (CRP) (P < 0.00049, after Bonferroni correction). The LGCDUS parameters for diagnosis showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.764. This study observed that LGCDUS can detect damage, the systemic activity and ocular surface changes in early-stage pSS patients. Therefore, LGCDUS provides not only a new method for evaluating pathological changes and functions of LGs, but also a new and feasible technical means for diagnosing and management of pSS.

Indexed as

Lacrimal ApparatusSjogren's SyndromeUltrasonography, Doppler, ColorAdultAgedBlood Flow VelocityCase-Control StudiesEarly DiagnosisFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesROC CurveColor doppler ultrasonographyLacrimal glandPrimary Sjogren’s syndrome

Identifiers

PMID41968121

DOI10.1038/s41598-026-47894-9

PMCPMC13230902

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.