Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41967090›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2026

Pangolin museum genomics reveal the dynamic genetic consequences and extinction risk of the critically endangered Chinese pangolin.

Jing Yang Hu, Yu Jiang, Song Li, Ting Ting Ying, Li Yu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jing Yang HuSchool of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0334-7312
Yu JiangSchool of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.ORCID 0009-0002-1148-6168
Song LiKunming Natural History Museum of Zoology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650221, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0834-5882
Ting Ting YingState Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650233, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1985-0932
Li YuSchool of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1891-9501

Funding

Basic research of Yunnan Province 202301AT070185Central Government Guidance Fund for the Development of Local Science and Technology 202407AB110004National Natural Science Foundation of China 32160130National Natural Science Foundation of China 32470527Xingdian Talent Fund Project of Yunnan ProvinceYunnan Provincial Science and Technology DepartmentYunnan University 202401BF070001-018
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human-driven biodiversity loss, intensified by illegal hunting and trafficking, has caused severe wildlife population declines and extinctions, necessitating studies on long-term genomic erosion to inform conservation strategies. While temporal genomic analyses using ancient and historical/museum DNA reveal generational impacts, sparse sampling often limits insights into prolonged declines, highlighting the need for time-resolved studies to understand sequential population decline and species persistence under sustained pressures. The Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla), critically endangered as a result of historical overexploitation, has experienced severe continuous population decline pre-1979, 1980-1999, and post-2000. However, the temporal genetic consequences and associated extinction risks remain poorly understood. We analyzed 228 pangolin genomes (133 newly sequenced), spanning continuous population decline, to assess the dynamics of genomic erosion. Our results demonstrate that persistent population decline drives long-term genetic decline within populations, with the severity of population decline correlating directly with the degree of negative genetic impact (e.g. reduced diversity, increased inbreeding and genetic load) and extinction risk. Counterintuitively, however, between populations, those experiencing the most severe population decline (e.g. southwest China) exhibited less extreme relative genetic consequences compared to less severe population decline (e.g. south China), suggesting a stronger dependence on the history of effective population size before population decline. Critically, the contemporary South China population shows significantly lower genetic diversity, higher inbreeding, elevated genetic load, and consequently higher extinction risk, demanding urgent prioritization for conservation. This study provides novel insights into the complex genomic legacy of continuous population decline, elucidating anthropogenic impacts on genetic erosion and offering a scientific framework for targeted conservation strategies.

Indexed as

Endangered SpeciesExtinction, BiologicalPangolinsAnimalsChinaConservation of Natural ResourcesGenetic VariationGenomeGenomicsMuseumsPopulation Dynamicsextinction riskgenetic consequencesmuseum genomicspangolinpopulation declinetemporal dynamics

Identifiers

PMID41967090
PMCPMC13137990

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