ArticleBMC ophthalmology2026
Long-term clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of central serous chorioretinopathy.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo investigate long-term clinical outcomes and factors associated with recurrence and visual prognosis in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC).
methodsThis retrospective study included 140 eyes diagnosed with idiopathic CSC and followed-up for ≥ 5 years(mean, 98.9 months). Baseline demographics, clinical features, and visual outcomes were reviewed. Factors associated with recurrence and final best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) were analyzed using multivariate regression.
resultsThe mean patient age was 49.2 ± 9.5 years. Resolution of the first episode occurred in all eyes, with 62.1% cases resolving within 6 months. CSC recurred in 55.7% cases at a mean of 25.7 months after resolution. The mean number of episodes was 2.1 ± 1.4. Mean logMAR(logarithm of minimum angle of resolution) BCVA was 0.18 ± 0.21 at baseline, 0.13 ± 0.19 at 1 year, 0.18 ± 0.28 at 3 years, and 0.25 ± 0.39 at the final visit. Compared to baseline values, BCVA significantly worsened at the final visit (P = 0.001). Visual deterioration of ≥ 0.3 logMAR occurred in 14.3% patients. Younger age was associated with a higher risk of recurrence(P = 0.042); on average, patients with recurrence were 3.4 years younger than those without recurrence. Longer total SRF duration(P = 0.018), development of CNV(P < 0.001), and worse baseline BCVA(P < 0.001) were all significantly associated with poorer final BCVA.
conclusionsDuring the long-term follow-up, more than half of the patients with CSC experienced recurrence; a subset developed significant visual deterioration. Longer SRF duration and CNV are major determinants of poor visual prognosis. Active interventions to promote SRF resolution may help preserve long-term visual outcomes in patients with persistent SRF.
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