ArticleBMC cancer2026
RGD-modified hollow mesoporous nanoparticles loaded with cisplatin for antitumor therapy in colon cancer.
Article in BMC cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo develop an Arg-Gly-Asp peptide (RGD)-targeted hollow mesoporous manganese dioxide nanoparticle system loaded with cisplatin (RGD-HMnO₂/CDDP) and evaluate its in vitro antitumor activity, in vivo therapeutic efficacy, and mechanisms in colon cancer.
methodsHollow MnO₂ (HMnO₂) was fabricated using SiO₂ nanospheres as a hard template via KMnO₄ oxidative deposition followed by Na₂CO₃ etching. Cisplatin was loaded and RGD peptides were conjugated to obtain RGD-HMnO₂/CDDP. Morphology and physicochemical properties were characterized by TEM, XRD, XPS, DLS, and zeta potential. In CT26 cells, cytotoxicity (CCK-8), invasion/migration (Transwell), reactive oxygen species (ROS, DCFH-DA), mitochondrial membrane potential (JC-1), DNA damage (γ-H2AX), apoptosis (Western blot; Annexin V-FITC/PI) were assessed. In tumor-bearing mice, antitumor efficacy, serum cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-2, IL-10), and hematological indices were evaluated.
resultsRGD-HMnO₂/CDDP showed markedly enhanced cytotoxicity versus free cisplatin and non-targeted HMnO₂/CDDP, and significantly inhibited invasion and migration. Mechanistically, it increased intracellular ROS, induced mitochondrial depolarization, elevated γ-H2AX, and activated apoptosis signaling, resulting in higher apoptotic rates. In vivo, RGD-HMnO₂/CDDP achieved superior tumor growth inhibition, modulated inflammatory/immune cytokines, and maintained favorable hematological profiles, indicating good immunomodulation and biocompatibility.
conclusionRGD-HMnO₂/CDDP enhances cisplatin efficacy against colon cancer by promoting ROS-driven mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage–associated apoptosis, with potential improvement of the tumor immune microenvironment and without compromising systemic safety.
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