ArticleInternational journal of emergency medicine2026
Peripheral venous oxygen saturation as an auxiliary indicator for improving the prediction of early in-hospital mortality in the emergency department.
Article in International journal of emergency medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPeripheral venous oxygen saturation (SpvO₂), derived from a non-invasive peripheral venous blood gas (VBG) sample, reflects the balance between systemic oxygen delivery and consumption. Despite its physiological relevance, its prognostic utility for early in-hospital mortality in the emergency department (ED) has not been systematically evaluated.
methodsThis single center retrospective observational study enrolled adult patients (≥ 18 years) who presented to the ED of a tertiary academic teaching hospital for medical reasons and underwent VBG analysis within the first hour of arrival between January 2020 and December 2024. Patients with cardiac arrest on arrival, trauma or external-cause presentations, SpO₂ <94%, or SpO₂–SpvO₂ gap < 20% were excluded. The primary outcome was 24-hour in-hospital mortality. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and Youden-index-derived optimal cutoff analysis were performed. Pre-specified subgroup analyses were conducted stratified by illness severity (NEWS ≤ 4 vs. > 4) and supplemental oxygen use.
resultsOf 69,827 screened patients, 20,967 met inclusion criteria; 119 (0.58%) died within 24 h. Mean SpvO₂ was significantly lower in non-survivors than survivors (40.3 ± 23.1% vs. 47.2 ± 17.9%; p < 0.001). On adjusted multivariable logistic regression, SpvO₂ remained an independent predictor of 24-hour mortality (adjusted OR 0.965 per 1% increase, 95% CI 0.944–0.986; p = 0.001). The Youden-optimal SpvO₂ cutoff was 20.8%, yielding sensitivity 31.9%, specificity 91.9%, and negative predictive value 99.6%. The SpvO₂ + Lactate + NEWS combination model achieved an AUC of 0.924, significantly outperforming NEWS alone. The independent association of SpvO₂ with mortality was consistent across all pre-specified subgroups for illness severity (NEWS ≤ 4 vs. > 4) and supplemental oxygen use.
conclusionSpvO₂ is an independent prognostic marker of 24 h in-hospital mortality in ED patients across a broad range of illness severities. Although its standalone discriminative performance is modest, combining SpvO₂ with lactate and NEWS substantially improves risk stratification.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.