Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41964951›Full record

ArticleCell reports2026

Xist RNA dependent and independent mechanisms regulate dynamic X chromosome inactivation in B lymphocytes.

Natalie E Toothacre, Kiara L Rodríguez-Acevedo, Keenan J Wiggins, Christopher D Scharer, Montserrat C Anguera

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In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Natalie E ToothacreDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Kiara L Rodríguez-AcevedoDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Keenan J WigginsDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Christopher D ScharerDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Montserrat C AngueraDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: anguera@vet.upenn.edu.

Funding

Gene regulation mechanisms involving the inactive X in B cells during lupus diseaseR01AI134834 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Montserrat C Anguera · 2018 to 2026
$4.2M
Role for nuclear matrix proteins and DNA methylation for XCI maintenance in female lymphocytesR01AI168047 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Montserrat C Anguera · 2023 to 2026
$2.2M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI134834NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI168047
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

X chromosome inactivation (XCI) equalizes X-linked gene expression between the sexes through heterochromatic mark accumulation. XCI is dynamic in female B cells, as cytological enrichment of Xist RNA and heterochromatic marks on the inactive X chromosome (Xi) are absent in naive B cells yet return following stimulation. Here, we asked whether heterochromatic histone marks are present on the Xi in naive B cells and whether Xist RNA is required for their deposition and retention following stimulation. We find that the Xi in naive B cells is depleted for H2AK119Ub and H3K9me3 but enriched for DNA methylation and H3K27me3, which maintain an Xist RNA-dependent memory of XCI. Upon stimulation, Xist-independent H3K27me3 and Xist-dependent H2AK119Ub modifications accumulate across the Xi with temporal and spatial specificity. Our findings reveal the importance of Xist RNA, H3K27me3, and H2AK119Ub marks for Xi gene regulation following female B cell stimulation.

Indexed as

allele-specific CUT&RUNallele-specific whole-genome bisulfite sequencingB cellsB cell stimulationCP: molecular biologyepigenetic remodelinginactive X chromosomeX-chromosome inactivationXCI escape genesXCI maintenanceXist RNA

Identifiers

PMID41964951
PMCPMC13142736

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.