ArticleParasitology research2026
Prevalence and predisposing factors of hookworm infection and anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Dawuro Zone, Southwest Ethiopia: an institution-based cross-sectional study.
Article in Parasitology research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Hookworm infection and anemia remain major public health problems in developing countries, particularly among pregnant women in resource-limited settings. These conditions are associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including increased morbidity, mortality, and poor pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of hookworm infection and anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Dawuro Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to March 2023 among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected public health facilities. A total of 367 participants were recruited using systematic random sampling. Data on socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Stool specimens were collected from each participant and examined for hookworm infection using direct wet mount and test tube flotation techniques. Hemoglobin concentration was measured using a portable HemoSmart analyzer. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with hookworm infection and anemia. A total of 367 pregnant women participated in the study, yielding a response rate of 100%. The prevalence of hookworm infection and anemia was 10.6% and 31.9%, respectively, with a mean hemoglobin concentration of 11.33 ± 1.92 g/dL. Factors significantly associated with hookworm infection and anemia included walking barefoot (AOR = 2.89; 95% CI: 1.27–6.60), poor sanitation practices (AOR = 2.89; 95% CI: 1.24–6.74), inadequate iron supplementation (AOR = 4.59; 95% CI: 1.8–11.5), and low household income (AOR = 7.0; 95% CI: 3.27–14.98). Hookworm infection and anemia were common among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Dawuro Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. These conditions were associated with behavioral and socioeconomic factors such as lack of footwear, poor sanitation practices, inadequate iron supplementation, and low household income. Strengthening early antenatal care attendance, improving sanitation and hygiene practices, and ensuring adequate nutritional supplementation may help reduce the burden of hookworm infection and anemia among pregnant women.
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