Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41964769›Full record

ArticleJournal of occupational rehabilitation2026

Return to Work After Lower Limb Amputation: A Critical Challenge in Jordan's Socioeconomic and Healthcare Context.

Bashar Al Qaroot, Mohammad Sobuh, Farah Al-Imyan, Eman Al-Laham, Ziad Hawamdeh, Aws Khanfar

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of occupational rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Bashar Al Qaroot *School of Rehabilitation Sciences - Prosthetics and Orthotics Department, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. b.qaroot@ju.edu.jo.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9953-7497
Mohammad Sobuh *School of Rehabilitation Sciences - Prosthetics and Orthotics Department, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1391-9513
Farah Al-ImyanSchool of Rehabilitation Sciences - Prosthetics and Orthotics Department, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7049-6182
Eman Al-LahamSchool of Rehabilitation Sciences - Prosthetics and Orthotics Department, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9431-0549
Ziad HawamdehSchool of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5621-6415
Aws KhanfarSchool of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-5752

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAfter lower limb amputation (LLA), return to work (RTW) is an essential step, signifying the economic stability of people with amputation, psychological recovery, and social reintegration. While RTW is well-studied in high-income countries, the experiences of people with amputation in low- and middle-income countries like Jordan remain poorly characterized within contexts of prominent systemic barriers.

objectiveThis study aimed to quantify the RTW rate after LLA in Jordan and identify the facilitators and barriers to vocational reintegration.

methodsIn a cross-sectional study, 119 male participants with amputation of working age participated in structured face-to-face interviews. Data collected included demographic and clinical variables (e.g., amputation level), clinical-outcome measures (socket comfort score, SIGAM mobility scale, London Handicap Scale), and employability, which was assessed using a validated employment questionnaire (EQ) to quantify work status and identify barriers to employment.

resultsThe RTW rate was 34.5%. Employed individuals reported significantly greater mobility, socket comfort, and lower perceived handicap. For all participants, higher education and better functional outcomes predicted greater employability. A critical divergence emerged in that for employed people with amputation, clinical factors like socket comfort were significantly associated with their work experience (p = 0.03), whereas for unemployed participants, these factors showed no association.

conclusionThe low RTW rate (34.4%) highlights an urgent need for systemic change. The finding suggests that for most people with amputation, RTW may be impeded not by their medical condition alone, but by external barriers likely including inaccessible workplaces and the absence of vocational rehabilitation. To unlock the potential of people with amputation, rehabilitation must evolve into a comprehensive socio-medical system that integrates vocational training, advanced prosthetic care, and equitable policies.

Indexed as

EmployabilityLower limb amputationReturn to workVocational rehabilitation

Identifiers

PMID41964769

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.