Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41964039›Full record

ArticleImplementation science communications2026

Organizational readiness and program sustainability within juvenile justice and community mental health: the mediating role of cross-system collaboration.

Lauren M O'Reilly, Allyson Dir, Katherine Schwartz, Yoonsang Kim, Mateusz Borowiecki, Bruce Taylor, Zachary W Adams, Tamika Zapolski, Leslie Hulvershorn, Matthew C Aalsma

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Implementation science communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04499079 (Alliances to Disseminate Addiction Prevention and Treatment), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04499079 nacompletednot on this map

Alliances to Disseminate Addiction Prevention and Treatment (ADAPT): A Statewide Learning Health System to Reduce Substance Use Among Justice-Involved Youth in Rural Communities

TypeinterventionalSponsorIndiana UniversityRan2020 to 2025Enrolled7,316ConditionsSubstance-Related Disorders, Recidivism, Opioid-Related Disorders, Substance UseArmsLearning Health System
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Lauren M O'ReillyDepartment of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States. loreilly@iu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1023-421X
Allyson DirDepartment of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Katherine SchwartzDepartment of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 West 10th St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States.
Yoonsang KimPublic Health, NORC, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
Mateusz BorowieckiPublic Health, NORC, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
Bruce TaylorPublic Health, NORC, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
Zachary W AdamsDepartment of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Tamika ZapolskiDepartment of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Leslie HulvershornDepartment of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Matthew C AalsmaDepartment of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 West 10th St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States.

Funding

Alliance to Disseminate Addiction Prevention and Treatment (ADAPT): A Statewide Learning Health System to Reduce Substance Use among Justice-Involved Youth in Rural Communities.UG1DA050070 · NIDA · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI AALSMA, MATTHEW · 2019 to 2023
$5.7M
NIDA NIH HHS UG1 DA050070NIDA NIH HHS UG1DA050070
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEvidence-based system-level intervention is needed to address the problem of poor connection to behavioral health (BH) services among justice-involved youth. System preparedness to implement evidence-based practices (EBP) or interventions, i.e. "organizational readiness," is theoretically predictive of the sustainability of these practices. Cross-system collaboration-crucial for the connection of justice-involved youth between juvenile justice (JJ) to BH agencies-is theoretically related to organizational readiness and EBP sustainability, as the process of EBP implementation requires individual and shared efforts from involved systems. Despite strong theoretical justification, there has been minimal quantitative investigation into the relationships among organizational readiness, program sustainability, and cross-system collaboration. The current paper aimed to examine a) the association between organizational readiness and EBP sustainability, and b) the mediational role of cross-system collaboration in that association.

methodsData were derived from a hybrid type II effectiveness-implementation trial in eight counties in one Midwest state of partnered JJ and community mental health center (CMHC) agencies. Throughout the study, JJ and CMHC personnel participated in five waves of survey data collection measuring organizational readiness (Organizational Readiness to Implement Change; ORIC), sustainability (Program Sustainability Assessment Tool; PSAT), and cross-system collaboration (Cultural Exchange Inventory process and output scales; CEI). The final analyzable dataset included 274 participants with 529 observations. Linear mixed-effects models were conducted to account for the cluster-randomized, stepped-wedge design and repeated participant measurement.

resultsOrganizational readiness was significantly positively associated with program sustainability (B = 0.79, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.68-0.90), and the association was weakened when including the mediator CEI process subscale (B = 0.69, 95% CI 0.58-0.80). CEI process was significantly associated with program sustainability (B = 0.21, 95% CI 0.15-0.28) and accounted for 17.4% of the association between organizational readiness and sustainability. Results were comparable when examining the second mediating subscale, CEI output, which accounted for 17.2% of the observed association between organizational readiness and sustainability.

conclusionsResults supported the findings that organizational readiness was positively associated with sustainability, with cross-system collaboration partially mediating the association. Although our study is observational, cross-system collaboration may serve as a promising intervention target to rigorously examine in future implementation studies between JJ and BH agencies.

trial registrationThe study was preregistered as a clinical trial (Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04499079) on 30 July 2020.

Indexed as

Behavioral healthCommunity mental healthCross-system collaborationInteragency collaborationJuvenile justiceOrganizational readinessProgram sustainabilitySustainmentYouth substance use

Identifiers

PMID41964039
PMCPMC13191937

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.