Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41963869›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2026

#KnowMyViralLoad: how community-led demand creation holds a key to routine viral load testing scale-up in Africa.

Helen Etya'ale, Collins Otieno Odhiambo, Bactrin Killingo, Susan Perez, Pontsho Pilane, Anafi Mataka, Idrissa Songo, Carol Ameera Kassam, Tonderai Mwareka, Evelyn Letio and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Helen Etya'aleWashington University in St Louis, St Louis, USA. e.helen@wustl.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-1271-716X
Collins Otieno OdhiamboAfrican Society for Laboratory Medicine, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0002-5534-8720
Bactrin KillingoInternational Treatment Preparedness Coalition, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID 0009-0006-6760-3721
Susan PerezAIDS Strategy Advocacy and Policy Ltd, Hanoi, Vietnam.ORCID 0009-0000-8483-5264
Pontsho PilaneMathaba Media, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-2760-6016
Anafi MatakaAfrican Society for Laboratory Medicine, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0002-9888-4064
Idrissa SongoNetwork of HIV Positives in Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone.ORCID 0009-0008-0478-0821
Carol Ameera KassamIndependent Consultant, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Tonderai MwarekaZimbabwe National Network of People living with HIV, Harare, Zimbabwe.ORCID 0009-0005-7478-4834
Evelyn LetioNational Empowerment of Positive Women United, Juba, South Sudan.
Ange MavulaUnion Congolaise des Organisations des Personnes vivant avec le VIH, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.ORCID 0009-0004-8610-1095
Nelson OtwomaNational Empowerment Network of People living with HIV/AIDS in Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
Pascale OndoaAfrican Society for Laboratory Medicine, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0002-2700-9000

Funding

Gates Foundation and the Robert Carr Foundation (RCF)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundViral load testing (VLT) is key to detecting treatment failure and is central to HIV management. However, low demand for routine VLT among people on antiretroviral treatment limits opportunities for evidence-based HIV management and transmission reduction. Demand generation for routine VLT can improve through empowering communities of people living with and affected by HIV with relevant, tailored and actionable information on VLT. We sought to identify the most appropriate and context-relevant media platforms and audiences for VLT-related demand generation campaigns in 6 African countries.

interventionTwo-phase VLT-focused media communication campaigns were conducted in six African countries. We also evaluated the process and outcomes of these campaigns through an anonymized assessment. LESSONS LEARNT: We tracked the platform-specific reach of the campaigns, where traditional media platforms like radio and digital media platforms like Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp had the widest reach. Additionally, respondents to the post-campaign assessment identified how they learnt new information about VLT (Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, short messaging services, radio, television, virtual and in-person meetings or peer educators) and provided a rationale for their preferred communication channels. Of all responses (n = 558), the most popular reasons were ease of understanding (23%), interactive sharing (19%), fun and entertaining way of presenting (18%) and presentation by a peer (17%). Of 210 post-campaign assessment respondents, 82% credited the campaign for a better understanding of their HIV status, 73% reported getting a VLT, 82% told a friend about VLT, 77% received their results and 73% sought interpretation of their VLT results.

conclusionsCommunity-led communication campaigns can effectively generate demand and uptake of routine VLT. Digital platforms, suited to the local context, hold potential for disseminating health messages and improving health seeking action, provided a commensurate effort is made to address laboratory-side barriers to the delivery or uptake of VLT services.

Indexed as

Community ParticipationHealth PromotionHIV InfectionsViral LoadAfricaDigital MediaHumansMedia ExposureCommunity-led initiativesDigital campaignsHIVImplementationRoutine viral load

Identifiers

PMID41963869
PMCPMC13195822

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.