Amplitude only nulling of linear antenna arrays for 5G/6G wireless communication by using honey formation optimization.

This paper presents a new pattern nulling method for linear antenna arrays using the honey formation optimization with a single component (HFOSC) algorithm. HFOSC was validated through extensive tests on 60 benchmark functions, demonstrating superior accuracy and convergence compared to particle swarm optimization (PSO), differential search (DS), moth-flame optimization (MFO), whale optimization algorithm (WOA), and improved grey wolf optimizer (IGWO). The proposed method enables accurate null steering by adjusting only the amplitudes of the array’s individual elements while keeping uniform phase and position distributions for a fixed array geometry. A compound cost function including sidelobe levels, null depths, and dynamic range ratios is defined with customized weighting coefficients for the optimization. The HFOSC algorithm performance and feasibility are demonstrated elaborately through illustrative and total numerical simulations based on a 25-element linear array spaced by half-wavelength operating at 28 GHz. The array is synthesized with a 25-dB Chebyshev pattern under single, multiple, and wide null constraints. The simulation results always demonstrate that the proposed optimizer is capable of generating solutions satisfying such contradictory pattern requirements as well as stringent interference suppression constraints to ensure Quality of Service (QoS) and enhance user satisfaction. Thus, this technique is very promising for applications in evolving 5G/6G communication systems.