Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41963298›Full record

ArticleLight, science & applications2026

Large-area metal-integrated grating electrode achieving near 100% infrared transmission.

Karolina Bogdanowicz, Weronika Głowadzka, Tristan Smołka, Michał Rygała, Marcin Kałuża, Marek Ekielski, Oskar Sadowski, Magdalena Zadura, Magdalena Marciniak, Marcin Gębski and 4 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Light, science & applications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Karolina BogdanowiczPhotonics Group, Institute of Physics, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wólczanska 219, Łódź, Poland.
Weronika GłowadzkaPhotonics Group, Institute of Physics, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wólczanska 219, Łódź, Poland.
Tristan SmołkaLaboratory for Optical Spectroscopy of Nanostructures, Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6196-4813
Michał RygałaLaboratory for Optical Spectroscopy of Nanostructures, Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7210-2063
Marcin KałużaInstitute of Electronics, Lodz University of Technology, al. Politechniki 8, Łódź, Poland.
Marek EkielskiPhotonics Group, Institute of Physics, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wólczanska 219, Łódź, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7668-8871
Oskar SadowskiPhotonics Group, Institute of Physics, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wólczanska 219, Łódź, Poland.
Magdalena ZaduraPhotonics Group, Institute of Physics, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wólczanska 219, Łódź, Poland.
Magdalena MarciniakŁukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, al. Lotników 32/46, Warsaw, Poland.
Marcin GębskiŁukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, al. Lotników 32/46, Warsaw, Poland.
Michał WasiakŁukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, al. Lotników 32/46, Warsaw, Poland.
Marcin MotykaLaboratory for Optical Spectroscopy of Nanostructures, Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław, Poland.
Anna SzerlingPhotonics Group, Institute of Physics, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wólczanska 219, Łódź, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3664-4671
Tomasz CzyszanowskiŁukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, al. Lotników 32/46, Warsaw, Poland. tomasz.czyszanowski@p.lodz.pl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0283-5074

Funding

Narodowe Centrum Nauki (National Science Centre) OPUS 2019/33/B/ST7/02591
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Highly transparent and conductive electrodes operating in the infrared (IR) are critically needed for a broad range of technologies, including light-emitting diodes, lasers and photodetectors, which are key building blocks of infrared cameras, LiDARs, and thermal systems such as IR heaters. While transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) have seen substantial progress in the visible spectrum, their performance in the IR remains limited due to increased absorption and reflection caused by the plasma resonance of free carriers in conductive materials. Here, we demonstrate a large-area TCE based on a metal-integrated monolithic high-contrast grating (metalMHCG) fabricated on a GaAs substrate. This structure acts as an effective antireflection coating, achieving near-unity transmission of unpolarized mid- to far-infrared (M-FIR) light. The metalMHCG exhibits 94% transmission at a wavelength of 7 μm, corresponding to 135% relative to transmission through a flat GaAs-air interface, while maintaining an exceptionally low sheet resistance of 2.8 Ωsq

Identifiers

PMID41963298
PMCPMC13068960

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.