Trial reportBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2026
Efficacy and safety of VPM1002 and Immuvac in preventing tuberculosis: phase 3 randomised clinical trial (PreVenTB trial).
Trial report in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- HowVaccines · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
44 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of VPM1002 and Immuvac in reducing the incidence of microbiologically confirmed tuberculosis (TB; pulmonary TB and extrapulmonary TB), development of latent TB infection, and immunogenicity.
designPhase 3 randomised clinical trial (PreVenTB trial).
setting18 sites across six states of India.
participants12 717 healthy household contacts (aged ≥6 years) of patients with a smear positive TB test.
interventionsParticipants were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio (using block randomisation with variable sample size) to receive an intradermal injection of VPM1002, Immuvac, or placebo in both arms. After one month, a second dose was administered in one arm to 11 829 healthy participants. OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was efficacy against confirmed TB (pulmonary TB and extrapulmonary TB) over 38 months of follow-up. Secondary outcomes were development of latent TB infection, adverse and serious adverse events, efficacy in predefined age groups, and immunogenicity. Exploratory outcomes were efficacy when considering tuberculin skin test status, and post hoc analyses of efficacy in participants aged 6-14 and according to body mass index.
results252 and 227 participants developed microbiologically confirmed TB in modified intention-to-treat and per protocol groups, respectively. The per protocol analysis showed 65 (1.68%), 80 (2.09%), and 82 (2.13%) participants developed TB in the VPM1002, Immuvac, and placebo groups, respectively. Of these, 12 (0.31%), 16 (0.42%), and 24 (0.62%) developed extrapulmonary TB in the VPM1002, Immuvac, and placebo groups, respectively. In the per protocol analysis, VPM1002 showed vaccine efficacy of 21.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) -8.9% to 43.2%), 19.5% (-14.6% to 43.4%), and 50.4% (0.8% to 75.2%) against all TB, pulmonary TB, and extrapulmonary TB, respectively. Immuvac showed vaccine efficacy of 33.2% (-25.9% to 64.5%) against extrapulmonary TB. VPM1002 and Immuvac showed vaccine efficacy of 64.9% (-2% to 90.1%) and 66.3% (1.9% to 90.5%) against extrapulmonary TB in participants with tuberculin skin test positivity. Both vaccines were well tolerated with mild local reactions in about a third of participants. VPM1002 and Immuvac induced
conclusionsBoth vaccines were safe but did not show any efficacy against all forms of microbiologically confirmed TB or pulmonary TB. VPM1002 showed considerable efficacy against extrapulmonary TB. Both vaccines showed efficacy against extrapulmonary TB in participants who had a positive tuberculin skin test.
trial registrationClinical Trials Registry India CTRI/2019/01/017026.
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