ArticleMedicine2026
Serum vitamin D levels and appendicular skeletal muscle index in United States adolescents: A cross-sectional study based on NHANES.
Article in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
With the rising prevalence of sarcopenia among adolescents, the relationship between vitamin D levels and appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) in US adolescents aged 8 to 20 years with a body mass index (BMI) of 18.5 kg/m2 or higher remains ambiguous. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 1999 and 2006 were analyzed, including 6318 participants aged 8 to 20 years with a BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m2. Serum vitamin D levels were categorized as deficient (<20 ng/mL), insufficiency (20-30 ng/mL), and sufficient (≥30 ng/mL). The ASMI was calculated as appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by height squared (kg/m2). Multivariable linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, race, education, blood pressure, dietary factors, and physical activity were employed to assess the association. The dose-response relationship between vitamin D and ASMI was analyzed using generalized additive models and fitted curves. Stratified analyses by sex were conducted to evaluate potential effect modifications. A significant negative correlation was observed between vitamin D level and ASMI. For every 1 ng/mL increase in vitamin D, ASMI decreased by 0.02 kg/m2 (P < .0001). This study highlights a negative association between vitamin D levels and ASMI in adolescents in the US with a BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m2.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.