Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41961395›Full record

ArticleMolecular diversity2026

Transdermal self-assembled Xanthine/hybrid needle nanofibers for management of abdominal obesity via phosphodiesterase 4B suppression.

Soad A Mohamed, Mohamed A Abdelgawad, Rania Alaeddin, Mohamed Hisham, Entesar Ali Saber, Abdelaziz A Nayl, Samy Selim, Mohamed Abdel-Aziz, Alaa M Hayallah, Mahmoud Elrehany and 1 more

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Article in Molecular diversity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Soad A MohamedDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City, 61111, Egypt.
Mohamed A AbdelgawadDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia. mhmdgwd@ju.edu.sa.
Rania AlaeddinDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City, 61111, Egypt.
Mohamed HishamDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City, 61111, Egypt.
Entesar Ali SaberDepartment of Medical Science (Histology and Cell Biology), Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City, 61111, Egypt.
Abdelaziz A NaylDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia.
Samy SelimDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia.
Mohamed Abdel-AzizDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minya, 61519, Minia, Egypt.
Alaa M HayallahDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, New Assiut, Egypt. alaa_hayalah@yahoo.com.
Mahmoud ElrehanyDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City, 61111, Egypt.
Eman Maher ZahranDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City, 61111, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5517-082X

Funding

The Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at Jouf University, Saudia Arabia funded this work under grant No. (DGSSR-2025-01-01506) (DGSSR-2025-01-01506)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The objective of this study was to develop transdermal applicated XOH needle nanofibers (XOH/nNFs) with the ability to target adipocytes in high fat-induced obese rats. Xanthine/Oxime/Hybrid (XOH) which is a methylxanthine analogue with a PDE4 inhibitory activity, was reported as biologically limited by lipophilicity and impaired bioavailability, that was improved by loading in nanofibers for transdermal application. The formulated nanofibers were characterized in-vitro, in-vivo and evaluated on obese rats for their activity as slimming treatment. Nanofibers show good characters regarding drug loading (4.3%), encapsulation (63.3%), particle size (415 nm) and ʓ-potential (+ 55.4 mV). Additionally, The XOH/nNFs were investigated in a high fat diet-induced obesity model in rats where forty-two Sprague Dawley rats (4 weeks old) were used throughout the present study divided into 6 groups (7 rats each group). The XOH/nNFs significantly reduced abdominal circumference of obese rats by 6.59% compared to 3.59% of caffeine, supported by histopathological evidence of enhanced lipolysis and promoted beige adipogenesis. The study states that XOH/nNFs promoted lipolysis and inhibited adipogenesis which can be highlighted as a promising strategy in treatment of obesity.

Indexed as

Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4NanofibersObesityPhosphodiesterase 4 InhibitorsXanthineAdipocytesAdipogenesisAdministration, CutaneousAnimalsDiet, High-FatLipolysisMaleNeedlesRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyCyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4Phosphodiesterase 4 InhibitorsXanthineAdipogenesisNeedle nanofibersObesityPDE4BXanthine/oxime/hybrid

Identifiers

PMID41961395

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.