Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41961332›Full record

ArticleJournal of gastrointestinal cancer2026

Real-World Study of anti-PD-1 Combined with Regorafenib and Raltitrexed as Third-Line Therapy in Colorectal Cancer.

Yi Yu, Laixiang Li, Wei Gan, Jinxiu Zheng, Jinbo Li, Honglian Zhang, Meiqi Zhong, Hui Zhan, Jiehao Lai, Junhe Li and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of gastrointestinal cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yi Yu *Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Laixiang Li *Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Wei Gan *Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Jinxiu ZhengDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Jinbo LiDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Honglian ZhangDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Meiqi ZhongDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Hui ZhanDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Jiehao LaiDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Junhe LiDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China. ndyfy02160@ncu.edu.cn.
Jun ChenDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China. ndyfy02313@ncu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2776-1266

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis studyaimed to assess the effectiveness of combining the anti-PD-1 drug with regorafenib and raltitrexed as a third-line treatment for mCRC.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer between December 2021 and December 2022, who had previously failed treatment and subsequently received anti-PD-1 drugs combined with regorafenib and raltitrexed as third-line therapy. The primary efficacy endpoints were the objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS), while secondary endpoints included the disease control rate (DCR) and overall survival (OS).

resultsA total of 57 patients were enrolled in the study. The ORR and DCR were 14.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.1–23.1) and 50.9% (95% CI: 37.9–63.9), respectively. No patient achieved CR, 8 (14.1%) patients exhibited PR, 21 (36.8%) patients had SD, and 28 (49.1%) patients experienced PD. At the data cutoff, 23 (40.4%) deaths had occurred; with a median follow-up of 11 months (range 1-32.6). The median PFS was 4.2 months (95% CI: 1.7 to 6.7), and the median OS was 10.5 months (95% CI: 3.0 to 18.0). Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) of any grade occurred in 50 (87.7%) patients, with the most common being palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (25, 43.9%), followed by a rash (7, 12.3%), and hypertension (5, 8.8%).

conclusionsThe combination of anti-PD-1 drugs, regorafenib, and raltitrexed demonstrated promising antitumor efficacy and acceptable safety in patients with metastatic CRC, offering an alternative approach to optimize combination strategies in the management of refractory metastatic colorectal cancer.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsColorectal NeoplasmsImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsPhenylurea CompoundsPyridinesQuinazolinesThiophenesAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorRetrospective StudiesImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsPhenylurea CompoundsProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorPyridinesQuinazolinesraltitrexedregorafenibThiophenesAnti-PD-1Metastatic colorectal cancerRaltitrexedRegorafenibThird-line treatment

Identifiers

PMID41961332

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.