Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41961200›Full record

ArticleVirus genes2026

Genetic analysis of the SH gene of mumps virus genotype C in Kerala during 2024-25.

Rajendra Kumar, Minju Sara Simon, B Aneesh, P S Chippy, Arun V Jose, Amogh Auti, D J Hima, S Aswathyraj, E Sreekumar

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Article in Virus genes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Rajendra KumarDepartment of Virus Diagnostics, Institute of Advanced Virology, Thonnakkal, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Minju Sara SimonDepartment of Virus Diagnostics, Institute of Advanced Virology, Thonnakkal, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
B AneeshDepartment of Virus Diagnostics, Institute of Advanced Virology, Thonnakkal, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
P S ChippyDepartment of Virus Diagnostics, Institute of Advanced Virology, Thonnakkal, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Arun V JoseDepartment of Virus Diagnostics, Institute of Advanced Virology, Thonnakkal, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Amogh AutiDepartment of Virus Diagnostics, Institute of Advanced Virology, Thonnakkal, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
D J HimaFamily Health Care Centre (FHC), Perumathura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
S AswathyrajDepartment of Virus Diagnostics, Institute of Advanced Virology, Thonnakkal, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. aswathyraj@iav.res.in.
E SreekumarMolecular Bioassay Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Virology, Thonnakkal, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

Funding

Institute of Advanced Virology, Science and Technology, Government of Kerala IAV/407/R&D/2022/FLSP III-001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In India, the majority of mumps virus (MuV) cases are underreported, and a significant proportion of cases do not exhibit classic symptoms, such as swelling of the parotid glands. Although MuV infection is a vaccine-preventable illness, the genomic characterisation of currently circulating strains in various parts of the country is essential to understand the molecular epidemiology and vaccine coverage. The present study was designed to identify the genotypes and genetic variations within the small hydrophobic (SH) gene of MuV circulating in Kerala, India, from October 2024 to February 2025. Viral RNA was extracted from saliva and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of individuals suspected of viral meningitis or encephalitis. These samples were tested using the TaqMan real-time PCR assay, while blood samples were analysed for IgM antibodies. A total of 45 cases were confirmed as mumps positive. Most of the laboratory-confirmed cases were children aged 3 to 7 years. Among the PCR and PCR/IgM-positive cases, 26 samples were successfully genotyped and deposited in GenBank (accession numbers PV483811-PV483836). Analysis of the SH gene from 26 MuV samples revealed that all were of genotype C, confirming it as the circulating strain. This is the first molecular epidemiological study of MuV in the region. Notable SH gene variations and amino acid differences from vaccine strains were observed. The VIS motif at positions 28-30 was conserved among the sequences. Significant variation at position 44 included substitutions H ↔ Y (+ 1), H ↔ S (-2), and Y ↔ S (-3), which may contribute to MuV pathogenesis.

Indexed as

MumpsMumps virusViral ProteinsAntibodies, ViralChildChild, PreschoolFemaleGenetic VariationGenotypeHumansImmunoglobulin MIndiaMaleMolecular EpidemiologyPhylogenyRNA, ViralAntibodies, ViralImmunoglobulin MRNA, Viralsmall hydrophobic protein, Mumps virusViral ProteinsGenotype CMMR vaccineMumps virusSH geneVaccine strain

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