Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41961066›Full record

ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2026

Evaluating Protein Enrichment Methods to Improve Biomarker Discovery in Equine Cerebrospinal Fluid.

Foti Federico, Wilson Amie, Chabronova Alzbeta, Jensen Anders, Lunn Paul David, Peffers Jayne Mandy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Foti FedericoInstitute of Infection, Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Neston, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1519-8087
Wilson AmieInstitute of Infection, Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Neston, UK.
Chabronova AlzbetaInstitute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Jensen AndersInstitute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Lunn Paul DavidInstitute of Infection, Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Neston, UK.
Peffers Jayne MandyInstitute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

Funding

Anders Jensen Horserace Betting Levy Board Prj812Horserace Betting Levy Board (HBLB) vet/prj/811
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a valuable source of biomarkers for neurological diseases, but detection of low-abundance proteins is often masked by highly abundant proteins. Enrichment strategies can enhance proteomic coverage and improve biomarker discovery, yet comparative evaluations of such methods in equine CSF are limited.

objectivesThis study compared the ProteoMiner Small-Capacity Enrichment Kit and the PreOmics Enrich-iST Kit for their ability to deplete high-abundance proteins and enhance detection of low-abundance proteins relevant to neuropathology.

methodsEquine CSF samples were processed with either a native in-solution trypsin digestion without further enrichment, ProteoMiner Small-Capacity Enrichment Kit, or PreOmics enrichment. Samples were analysed by label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Proteins were identified and quantified using emPAI scores, and gene ontology pathway analyses were performed to evaluate enrichment efficiency and biological relevance.

resultsThe PreOmics Enrich-iST Kit identified the highest number of proteins overall, including neurobiology-relevant low-abundance proteins not detected by other methods, and achieved superior depletion of high-abundance proteins. Gene ontology pathway analysis revealed broader enrichment of neuropathology-relevant pathways.

conclusionsThe PreOmics Enrich-iST Kit outperformed the ProteoMiner Small-Capacity Enrichment Kit and native digestion in equine CSF proteomics, providing greater depletion of high-abundance proteins and enhanced detection of neurobiology-relevant low-abundance proteins. This method offers a robust tool for comprehensive proteomic profiling and may facilitate the discovery of novel biomarkers for equine neurological disorders.

Indexed as

BiomarkersCerebrospinal Fluid ProteinsProteomicsAnimalsChromatography, LiquidHorsesLiquid Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryTandem Mass SpectrometryBiomarkersCerebrospinal Fluid Proteinscerebrospinal fluid (CSF)liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS)native digestionproteomicsProteoMiner Small‐Capacity Enrichment Kit: PreOmics Enrich‐iST

Identifiers

PMID41961066
PMCPMC13067976

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.