Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41961057›Full record

ArticleBrain injury2026

A closed-head, rotational traumatic brain injury model demonstrates deficits in righting reflex, neurological function, and auditory brainstem responses in rats.

Michelle L Bordas, Grant D Broeckel, Katherine Sherman, Alok Shah, Matthew D Budde, Christina L Runge, Brian D Stemper, Christopher J Roberts

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain injury, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Michelle L BordasDepartment of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Grant D BroeckelDepartment of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Katherine ShermanDepartment of Research, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Alok ShahDepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Matthew D BuddeDepartment of Research, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Christina L RungeDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Brian D StemperDepartment of Research, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Christopher J RobertsDepartment of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.

Funding

BLRD VA IK2 BX005600
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThe pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is incompletely understood and warrants further investigation with preclinical models that recapitulate aspects of the human condition. Therefore, our goal was to quantify the initial presentation of deficits in a closed-head rotational TBI model in male and female rats in return of righting reflex (RORR) and global neurological function including gross sound reflex scores as a measure of acoustic startle.

methodsA total of 116 rats (43 female) were included in this study that underwent TBI (

resultsTBI rats had a trend toward a prolonged RORR, which was significantly increased in the TBI compared to control group when normalized to the duration of anesthesia. Gross neurological function was impaired in TBI rats, such that descriptively the largest component was due to acoustic startle deficits. These deficits were not explained by worse (higher) hearing thresholds in auditory brainstem responses, although TBI rats had increased thresholds at 16 and 20 kHz, and a trend at 10 kHz compared to Shams on post-TBI day 1 that was not different by day 8.

conclusionsThis model reproduces acoustic startle, and hearing impairment aspects of human TBI that influence quality of life. Additional studies are necessary to integrate variables from new clinical classification systems including blood-based and imaging biomarkers to aid in the translation to improve patient-oriented outcomes.

Indexed as

Brain Injuries, TraumaticEvoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain StemHead Injuries, ClosedReflex, RightingAcoustic StimulationAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalFemaleMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReflex, StartleanesthesiaAuditory Brainstem Responses (ABR)experimental rat modelpostoperative neurocognitive disorders, concussionRevised Neurobehavioral Severity Scale (NSS-R)TBI (traumatic brain injury)

Identifiers

PMID41961057
PMCPMC13496039

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.