ArticleBeilstein journal of nanotechnology2026
Upcycling agroindustrial waste into graphene oxide supports for gold nanoparticles: toward sustainable nanomaterials.
Article in Beilstein journal of nanotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The aim of this work is to develop a sustainable route for producing graphene oxide-based materials from agroindustrial waste and to evaluate their structural and chemical properties in comparison with conventional graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Agroindustrial waste-derived graphene oxide (Agro-GO) was synthesized from peanut shells and spent coffee grounds via a ferrocene-assisted green pyrolysis-oxidation approach. The resulting materials were compared with GO prepared via the Marcano-modified Hummers' method and its hydrazine-reduced counterpart (rGO). Comprehensive characterization was performed using UV-vis, ATR-FTIR, XPS, XRD, and Raman measurements, complemented by TGA and TEM to assess optical properties, surface chemistry, and structural and morphological features. Additionally, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were photochemically deposited onto Agro-GO to evaluate its potential for nanotechnology-related applications. The results reveal that Agro-GO exhibits tunable oxidation levels, diverse surface functionalities, and morphologies comparable to those of conventional GO; these properties strongly depend on the type of agroindustrial waste precursor used. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of transforming agroindustrial waste into high-value graphene-based nanomaterials and highlight the potential of sustainable synthesis routes for advancing environmentally responsible carbon-based technologies.
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