ArticleFrontiers in psychology2026
Procedural justice, managerial leadership and gender-based harassment in the workplace: longitudinal cross-lagged associations in a Swedish cohort.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Purpose: Gender-based harassment (GBH) is a persistent workplace problem with substantial consequences for employees and organizations. Although organizational conditions are assumed to shape harassment risk, longitudinal evidence on modifiable organizational antecedents remains limited. Building on organizational justice theory and the perpetrator-predation paradigm, this study examines whether procedural justice and supportive managerial leadership prospectively predict GBH. Methods: Using data from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH) from 2018 and 2020 ( Results: Experienced GBH was reported by 3%-4% and witnessed GBH by 6%-9% of the working sample. Higher procedural justice in 2018 was associated with a very small decreased risk of experienced ( Conclusion: The findings provide longitudinal evidence that organizational justice and leadership, although relatively weak, shape harassment risk environments over time. By demonstrating prospective associations while accounting for reverse and stability effects, the study advances understanding of organizational antecedents of GBH beyond predominantly cross-sectional research.
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