Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41960251›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2026

When poor sleep hurts most: procrastination as a moderator of the association between sleep quality and academic performance in medical students.

Michael Nazmifar, Rachel Lloyd, Lauren Walkon, Tina Izad, Changiz Mohiyeddini

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Michael NazmifarOakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, United States.
Rachel LloydOakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, United States.
Lauren WalkonOakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, United States.
Tina IzadOakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, United States.
Changiz MohiyeddiniOakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The demanding nature of medical training elevates the risk of sleep disruption and may compromise academic performance. At the same time, procrastination is a prevalent self-regulatory difficulty among students that has been independently linked to poorer academic outcomes. Although both sleep quality and procrastination are two critical self-regulatory variables that have been linked to performance, their interplay is not well understood. The present cross-sectional study examined whether procrastination moderates the association between sleep quality and academic performance in medical students. An

Indexed as

academic performancemedical studentsmoderation analysisprocrastinationsleep quality

Identifiers

PMID41960251
PMCPMC13057420

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.