ArticleJournal of public health in Africa2026
Factors associated with completion of 6 months of isoniazid preventive therapy among under-five children exposed to tuberculosis patients in Blantyre, Malawi.
Article in Journal of public health in Africa, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Factors associated with completion of 6 months of isoniazid preventive therapy among under-five children exposed to tuberculosis patients in Blantyre, Malawi.Journal of public health in Africa · 2026Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Background: The World Health Organization recommends 6 months of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) to children who have been exposed to tuberculosis (TB) patients to prevent active TB. Although IPT is an efficacious intervention, it is underutilised. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine factors associated with the completion of IPT among children under 5 years who have been exposed to TB patients. Setting: This was a secondary data analysis; the primary study was conducted in Blantyre, Malawi. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial with follow-up at 3 months and 6 months. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with the completion of IPT. Results: One hundred and twenty-eight children were included, of whom 58 (45.3%) completed IPT. Index patient human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive status (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16-0.94) and longer distance (> 5 km) (aOR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.07-0.89) were associated with lower IPT completion. Wealth status, household health-seeking decision maker and type of contact tracing were associated with higher IPT completion, with aOR = 3.42 (95% CI: 1.19-9.88) for children coming from households of high wealth status, aOR = 3.17 (95% CI: 1.19-8.42) in which the health-seeking decision maker was the parent compared to other guardians, and aOR = 3.13 (95% CI: 1.25-7.84) for children who were identified through patient-conducted tracing compared to routine contact tracing. Conclusion: Human immunodeficiency virus status, wealth status, household health-seeking decision maker, proximity to health facility and type of contact tracing are key determinants of IPT completion among children. Contribution: This study provides valuable insights into the factors that affect the completion of IPT. By addressing these factors, completion of IPT can be improved, thereby preventing TB among children.
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