Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41960003›Full record

ArticleCureus2026

Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea in an Otherwise Healthy 42-Year-Old Female Presenting to a Resident Clinic.

Andrew W Antes, Nancy V Nguyen, Kelty C White

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Andrew W AntesFamily Medicine, Dominican Hospital, Capitola, USA.
Nancy V NguyenFamily Medicine Residency Program, Methodist Hospital of Sacramento, Sacramento, USA.
Kelty C WhiteFamily Medicine, Sierra Nevada Family Medicine Residency Program, Grass Valley, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rhinorrhea, a common symptom documented in patients presenting to primary care clinics, urgent care facilities, and emergency departments, is often attributed to viral, bacterial, or allergic causes when no other obvious etiology, such as a foreign body, is found. However, in the absence of other infectious signs or symptoms, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea should be considered more prominently in a physician's differential diagnosis than it often is. This process can be either traumatic or non-traumatic, so even in the absence of recent head trauma, it should be evaluated, as this also leaves the patient vulnerable to multiple life-threatening complications. In this report, we discuss one such patient who presented to multiple physicians with progressively worsening rhinorrhea, which was discovered to be due to a CSF leak through a defect in her cribriform plate and the treatment she received to resolve this issue once it was identified.

Indexed as

atraumatic cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrheadifferential diagnosis of rhinorrheadifferential diagnostic processendoscopic csf leak repairresidentresident clinicspontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leakspontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrheatraumatic cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea

Identifiers

PMID41960003
PMCPMC13060731

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.