Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41959570›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in plant science2026

Energy input-output analysis of paddy fields under different irrigation modes and nitrogen fertilizer managements.

Yinge Zhang, Ying Liu, Haijun Liu, Yimeng Zhu, Tangzhe Nie, Siyuan Wang, Lili Jiang, Tianyi Wang, Peng Chen, Zhongyuan Guo

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yinge Zhang *School of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.
Ying Liu *School of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.
Haijun LiuSchool of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.
Yimeng ZhuSchool of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.
Tangzhe NieSchool of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.
Siyuan WangHeilongjiang Provincial Hydrology and Water Resources Center, Harbin, China.
Lili JiangSchool of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.
Tianyi WangSchool of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.
Peng ChenCollege of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China.
Zhongyuan GuoQing'an County Northern Oasis Rice Research Institute, Suihua, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coupled water-nitrogen management has the potential to improve rice productivity while reducing energy demand, yet its integrated effects on the energy balance of cold-region rice production systems remain insufficiently quantified. To address this issue, a two-year field experiment was conducted in Northeast China from 2021 to 2022 to evaluate the interactive effects of irrigation regime and nitrogen (N) rate on rice yield and energy dynamics. The experiment adopted a factorial design with two irrigation modes, flood irrigation (F) and controlled irrigation (C), and four N application rates (0, 85, 110, and 135 kg N ha

Indexed as

controlled irrigationenergy use patternsflood irrigationrice cultivationwater-nitrogen coupling

Identifiers

PMID41959570
PMCPMC13057331

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.