SynthesisFrontiers in nutrition2026
Association between probiotic intervention and sleep quality in the general adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: The discovery of the microbiota-gut-brain axis provides a theoretical basis for using probiotic supplementation to improve sleep health. This meta-analysis systematically evaluated the efficacy of probiotics in adults, including both healthy individuals and those with poor sleep quality. Methods: Eight public databases were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before December 2025 to be included in this review. Data from the included studies were extracted, and their risk of bias was assessed. Meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias assessment were conducted using Review Manager 5.4.1. Results: A total of 13 studies involving 890 participants reported outcomes using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The meta-analysis revealed that probiotic supplementation significantly reduced PSQI scores compared to the control group (mean difference [MD] = -0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.83 to -0.35, Conclusion: Probiotic supplementation was associated with a modest but statistically significant improvement in sleep quality among adults, regardless of their baseline sleep status (ranging from healthy to suboptimal), as measured by PSQI and ISI scores. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251237016, PROSPERO (CRD420251237016).
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