Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41958673›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Hyaluronic acid-CD44 signaling from decidual stromal cells orchestrates dNK1 differentiation and immune tolerance in early pregnancy.

Di Wang, Jiawei Zhu, Qingzhi Wang, Lingyun Shi, Yehua He, Zili Jin, Wenjun Chen, Xiaocong Chen, Shenjun Chen, Hong Li and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Di Wang *Center for Human Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
Jiawei Zhu *Center for Human Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
Qingzhi WangCenter for Human Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
Lingyun ShiCenter for Human Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
Yehua HeCenter for Human Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
Zili JinCenter for Human Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
Wenjun ChenCenter for Human Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
Xiaocong ChenCenter for Human Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
Shenjun ChenCenter for Human Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
Hong LiCenter for Human Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
Ce ZhangCenter for Human Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
Rui ZhuCenter for Human Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Spontaneous abortion (SA) is closely associated with immune homeostasis of decidual natural killer (dNK) cells at the maternal-fetal interface, yet how decidual stromal cells (DSCs) educate NK cells remains incompletely understood. Here, we showed that DSC-derived hyaluronic acid (HA) shapes NK cell residency and cytotoxicity in early pregnancy. Methods: Reanalysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data and functional assays identified DSCs as the major source of HAS2-dependent HA. We assessed dNK phenotypes and functions in SA versus normal pregnancies, and tested HA -CD44 effects using high-molecular-weight HA (HMW-HA) stimulation, HAS2 knockdown in DSCs, and CD44 blockade, with partial rescue by exogenous HMW-HA. Canonical Wnt activation and Results: Our findings revealed a reduced proportion of dNK cells, impaired adhesion molecule expression, and increased cytotoxicity in SA compared with normal pregnancies. HMW-HA from DSCs, via engagement of CD44 on NK cells, promoted the phenotypic transition of peripheral NK cells into CD49a Discussion: These findings define a DSC-centered HA/HAS2 -CD44 -Wnt -

Indexed as

DeciduaHyaluronan ReceptorsHyaluronic AcidImmune ToleranceKiller Cells, NaturalStromal CellsAbortion, SpontaneousCell DifferentiationFemaleHumansPregnancySignal TransductionCD44 protein, humanHyaluronan ReceptorsHyaluronic AcidCD44decidual natural killer (dNK) cellsdecidual stromal cellshyaluronan synthase 2hyaluronic acid

Identifiers

PMID41958673
PMCPMC13057500

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.