ArticleInternational journal of hepatology2026
Association Between Liver Enzymes and Metabolic Syndrome: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study of the Bandar Kong Cohort Study.
Article in International journal of hepatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Association Between Liver Enzymes and Metabolic Syndrome: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study of the Bandar Kong Cohort Study.International journal of hepatology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major global health concern that increases morbidity and mortality from cardiometabolic diseases. We refined the rationale to highlight the mechanistic involvement of the liver in metabolic dysregulation. Methods: This population-based study was conducted on 3896 adults aged between 35 and 70 (57.2% female) who participated in the Bandare-Kong Non-Communicable Diseases (BKNCD) cohort study. Participants were categorized into normal quartiles and abnormal levels of liver enzymes including gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). MetS was defined based on the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria for Iranian population. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and Results: The prevalence of MetS was 36.6%. After multivariable adjustment, abnormal levels of GGT (OR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.61-2.28, Conclusion: Serum liver enzyme levels, including those within normal range, were strongly associated with MetS. GGT showed relatively stronger associations compared with other enzymes; however, these findings should not be interpreted as diagnostic superiority because no performance metrics (AUC, PPV, and NPV) were evaluated. ALT and ALP also showed meaningful associations. Future studies should assess diagnostic accuracy before considering clinical implementation.
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