Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41958175›Full record

ArticleJournal of gynecologic oncology2026

Examining the relationship between cesarean section scar and endometrial cancer.

Keiichiro Nakamura, Yoshinori Tani, Hironori Itou, Miyuki Shimizu, Thi Hai Ly Dao, Hikari Nakato, Kazuhiro Okamoto, Chikako Ogawa, Eriko Eto, Hisashi Masuyama

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of gynecologic oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Keiichiro NakamuraDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. k-nakamu@cc.okayama-u.ac.jp.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4609-5258
Yoshinori TaniDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1449-7794
Hironori ItouDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center, Iwakuni, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6097-9367
Miyuki ShimizuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kagawa Rosai Hospital, Marugame, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2297-3119
Thi Hai Ly DaoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7641-2821
Hikari NakatoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7888-9722
Kazuhiro OkamotoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9838-2286
Chikako OgawaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5683-7357
Eriko EtoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9112-9699
Hisashi MasuyamaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2589-2028

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe incidence of endometrial cancer (EC) has been increasing annually. Studies have reported that cesarean section (CS) is associated with a higher risk of developing EC than vaginal delivery (VD). However, few studies have examined the relationship between CS and EC development.

methodsData were extracted from the medical records of patients with EC and a history of childbirth who underwent EC treatment at 3 institutions. Factors contributing to EC development were analyzed between April 2010 and December 2024.

resultsAmong patients EC and a history of childbirth, 8.7% (69/794) had undergone CS, and 50.7% (35/69) developed a CS scar. Compared with patients who had a VD or those without a CS scar, patients with a CS scar showed significantly shorter intervals from delivery to EC onset (VD: p=0.013; non-CS scar: p=0.031). A narrower residual myometrial thickness/adjacent myometrial thickness (RMT/AMT) ratio of the CS scar was significantly associated with a shorter interval from the last delivery to EC onset (p=0.034) and was independently associated with earlier EC onset after the last delivery in both univariate and multivariate analyses (p<0.001 and p=0.030, respectively).

conclusionA narrower RMT/AMT ratio in the CS scar was considerably associated with a shorter interval from the last delivery to EC onset.

Indexed as

Cesarean SectionCicatrixEndometrial NeoplasmsAdultDelivery, ObstetricFemaleHumansMiddle AgedMyometriumPregnancyRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsCesarean SectionCesarean Section ScarEndometrial CancerInterval from Delivery to Endometrial Cancer OnsetResidual Myometrial Thicknes/Adjacent Myometrial Thickness Ratio

Identifiers

PMID41958175
PMCPMC13655331

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.