Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41957842›Full record

ArticleTrials2026

Improving social functioning in people with substance use and mental health disorders using virtual reality (ROPVR): study protocol for a multi-center, pragmatic randomized controlled trial.

Anne Berit Bech, Theresa Friederike Wechsler, Andreas Mühlberger, Lars Lien, Marja Leonhardt

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in Trials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06677515 (Improving Social Functioning in People With Substance Use and Mental Health Disorders Using Virtual Reality), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06677515 narecruitingnot on this map

Improving Social Functioning in People With Substance Use and Mental Health Disorders Using Virtual Reality (ROPVR): Study Protocol for a Multi-centre, Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorSykehuset Innlandet HFRan2025 to 2026Enrolled102ConditionsSubstance Use Disorders, Mental DisorderArmsVR training
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Anne Berit BechResearch Center for Substance Use Disorders and Mental Illness, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway. anne.berit.bech@sykehuset-innlandet.no.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1833-3634
Theresa Friederike WechslerDepartment of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Regensburg University, Regensburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5514-2311
Andreas MühlbergerDepartment of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Regensburg University, Regensburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8352-0946
Lars LienResearch Center for Substance Use Disorders and Mental Illness, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0480-9208
Marja LeonhardtResearch Center for Substance Use Disorders and Mental Illness, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0528-3949

Funding

Norges Forskningsråd 326773
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs), impairment of social, occupational, and/or recreational functioning is common. Social functioning encompasses social skills, social behavior, and cognitive skills, which are relevant for establishing meaningful relationships and effective functioning across different domains in life. The main aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of tailored virtual reality (VR) social functioning training as an adjunct to in-patient SUD treatment in improving functionality, measured by World Health Organization Disability Assessment Scale 2.0 at 6 months post-intervention.

methodsThe study is designed as a two-arm, statistician-blinded, pragmatic, multi-cite, randomized controlled trial. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group using 1:1 allocation. The control group receives standard in-patient SUD treatment, and the intervention group receives additionally VR social functioning training (8 sessions). Both the intervention and control groups will be assessed for between-group differences in functioning change from before randomization (T0), to 6-week (T1), and to 6-month (T2). Both groups will also be assessed before (T0), at 6-month (T2), and at 12-month follow-up (T3) for a health economic evaluation. DISCUSSION: Evidence suggests that VR training can enhance patients' social functioning and thereby improve relations and promote community participation in people with SUD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that aim to explore the use of VR in improving social functioning in patients with SUD. Thus the results of this trial can provide valuable insights for clinicians and health authorities.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT06677515. Registered on November 11, 2024.

Indexed as

Mental DisordersSocial SkillsSubstance-Related DisordersVirtual RealityVirtual Reality Exposure TherapyHumansMulticenter Studies as TopicPragmatic Clinical Trials as TopicRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicSocial BehaviorTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeMental illnessSocial functioningSocial participationSubstance use disorderVirtual reality training

Identifiers

PMID41957842
PMCPMC13173916

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.