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ArticleTrials2026

Church-based problem-solving therapy for adolescent girls and young women with a history of gender-based violence in Zambia: study protocol for a hybrid type 1 randomized controlled trial.

Charisse V Ahmed, Moomba Thornicroft, Katongo Chileshe, Bristol M Ntebeka, Kathryn Dovel, Laura M Bogart, Noé Rubén Chávez, Francisca Tshitenge Bwalya, Merrian J Brooks, Dallas Swendeman

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in Trials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07132905 (Randomized Pilot Trial of Church-Based Problem-Solving Therapy for Adolescent Girls and Young Women With a History of Gender-Based Violence in Zambia), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07132905 naactive not recruitingnot on this map

Randomized Pilot Trial of Church-Based Problem-Solving Therapy for Adolescent Girls and Young Women With a History of Gender-Based Violence in Zambia

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San FranciscoRan2025 to 2026Enrolled180ConditionsHIV, Common Mental Health Problems, PTSD - Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression DisorderArmsMpata Yathu ("Our Space")
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Charisse V AhmedDepartment of Family Health Care Nursing, San Francisco (UCSF) School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. charisse.ahmed@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1146-943X
Moomba ThornicroftA Place Called Home-Ikhaya, Lusaka, Zambia.
Katongo ChilesheDepartment of Gender Studies, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Bristol M NtebekaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Kathryn DovelLos Angeles (UCLA) David Geffen School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California, California, USA.
Laura M BogartDepartment of Psychiatry, RAND, Santa Monica, CA and Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Noé Rubén ChávezDepartment of Social Sciences and Humanities, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, USA.
Francisca Tshitenge BwalyaDepartment of Clinical Care, Chainama Hills Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.
Merrian J BrooksUniversity of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Dallas SwendemanSemel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Funding

UCLA-CDU CFARP30AI152501 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI SCOTT G KITCHEN · 2022 to 2026
$15.6M
Center for AIDS Research, University of California Los Angeles UCLA-Charles R. Drew University Center for AIDS Research (CFAR) grant AI152501NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI152501
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAdolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in sub-Saharan Africa face a disproportionate burden of gender-based violence (GBV), HIV risk, and mental health challenges. Despite the demonstrated effectiveness of psychological interventions such as problem-solving therapy (PST), there is limited evidence on culturally adapted models for GBV-exposed AGYW that concurrently address HIV and mental health, particularly in settings with constrained mental health infrastructure.

objectiveThis study outlines the protocol for a randomized controlled trial evaluating Mpata Yathu, a church-based adaptation of the Friendship Bench intervention, which delivers lay counselor-led PST to AGYW with a history of GBV in Lusaka, Zambia.

methodsA hybrid implementation-effectiveness type 1 randomized controlled trial (intervention and waitlist control arms) will be conducted among 90 AGYW, aged 15 to 24, per arm with moderate depressive symptoms, lifetime GBV exposure, and HIV risk or diagnosis. The intervention comprises six individual PST sessions delivered over 3 months in church spaces. Implementation outcomes (feasibility, acceptability, fidelity), common mental disorder (CMD) symptoms (primary outcome), and exploratory outcomes (depression, anxiety, PTSD, HIV engagement, GBV attitudes, childhood adversity, coping self-efficacy) will be assessed at baseline, 3, and 6 months. The trial is powered to detect changes in CMD symptoms only. Mixed-methods data will inform feasibility, intervention refinement, and hypotheses regarding mental health as a mediator of HIV outcomes. Process evaluations will use the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).

conclusionsThis trial will assess the potential of church-based PST to address the intersecting burdens of GBV, HIV, and mental health among AGYW in Zambia. Findings will offer insights into leveraging trusted community institutions (e.g., church and religious settings) for mental health and HIV care delivery in low-resource settings.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT07132905. Prospectively registered on August 13, 2025. CLINICALTRIALS: gov/study/NCT07132905.

Indexed as

Adolescent BehaviorGender-Based ViolenceProblem SolvingAdolescentFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMental HealthRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultZambiaAdolescent girls and young women (AGYW)Church-based interventionGender-based violence (GBV)HIV prevention and treatmentHybrid type 1 implementation-effectiveness trialImplementation scienceLay counselorsMental healthProblem-solving therapy (PST)Zambia

Identifiers

PMID41957660
PMCPMC13174015

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.