Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41957485›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Formulation of mucoadhesive dissolving film containing cinnamaldehyde and chitosan incorporating papain enzyme for inhibit oral candidiasis: in vitro study.

Andi Asti Akhriani, St Fadila Mutmainnah, Nurul Musyrifah, Arfansyah Arfansyah, Sarah Fajriani, Nursyamsi Djamaluddin, Erni Marlina, Maretaningtias Dwi Ariani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Andi Asti AkhrianiDentistry Education Study Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
St Fadila MutmainnahDentistry Education Study Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Nurul MusyrifahDentistry Education Study Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Arfansyah ArfansyahChemistry Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Sarah FajrianiPharmaceutical Study Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Nursyamsi DjamaluddinDepartment of Dental Public Health and Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. nursyamsi@unhas.ac.id.
Erni MarlinaDepartment of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Maretaningtias Dwi ArianiDepartment of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.

Funding

Hasanuddin University Research and Community Service Institute (LP2M Unhas) PK-RS :02298/UN4.22/PT.01.03/2024
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To find a mucoadhesive dissolving film formula based on cinnamaldehyde (C) and shrimp skin chitosan (K) incorporating papain enzyme (P), in order to inhibit oral candidiasis caused by Candida albicans, in diabetes mellitus patients. Study design: Oral candidiasis in people with diabetes mellitus is an infection that often occurs due to Candida albicans. The proposed innovative treatment is a mucoadhesive dissolving film. The research stages consisted of extraction, formulation, and testing for antifungal capability, toxicity, the determination of characteristics, FTIR and SEM. The data was analyzed using probit regression, One Way Anova. Results: Cinnamaldehyde and shrimp skin chitosan incorporating papain enzyme was characterized as suitable for functional group testing. Mucoadhesive film F8 showed antifungal properties for Candida albicans, with an average inhibition zone of 25.3mm, organoleptic properties of good flexibility, yellow color, distinctive odor and smooth texture. Its dissolving time was 5 minutes, thickness 0.24mm, pH 7.39, tensile strength 7.482 kg/cm2, durability of 310 folds and absorption of 2.2203 its FTIR wave number, as well as SEM, show the functional groups of cinnamaldehyde and shrimp skin chitosan appear smooth, dense and flattened in texture without porosity. Conclusions: Mucoadhesive film F8 obtained the most optimum film characteristics to inhibit Candida albicans.

Indexed as

AcroleinAntifungal AgentsCandidiasis, OralChitosanPapainAnimalsCandida albicansHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAcroleinAntifungal AgentsChitosancinnamaldehydePapainChitosanCinnamaldehydeMucoadhesive dissolving filmOral candidiasisPapain enzyme

Identifiers

PMID41957485
PMCPMC13222870

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.