Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41957271›Full record

ArticleNPJ cardiovascular health2026

Multimodal assessment of arterial stiffness using photoplethysmography and laser Doppler flowmetry.

Parmis Karimpour, Redjan Ferizoli, James M May, Panicos A Kyriacou

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ cardiovascular health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Parmis KarimpourResearch Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City St George's, University of London, London, UK. parmis.karimpour@city.ac.uk.
Redjan FerizoliResearch Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City St George's, University of London, London, UK.
James M MayResearch Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City St George's, University of London, London, UK.
Panicos A KyriacouResearch Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City St George's, University of London, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Age-related deterioration of vascular elasticity contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death worldwide, making early detection in primary care essential. This study investigated the feasibility of photoplethysmography (PPG) and laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) in an in vitro vascular system, examining independent and combined use. Custom femoral vessel-tissue phantoms replicated healthy (0.82 MPa), intermediate (1.48 MPa) and unhealthy (2.06 MPa) arterial stiffness. Two blood-mimicking fluids (BMFs) with scattering agents (intralipid and LPFS) evaluated modality performance. Extracted features included area, slope ratio and datum-based PPG metrics, plus LDF DC mean flux, statistically analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The intralipid-based BMF produced larger reductions in LDF DC flux. Multiclass classification improved prediction when combining signals, yielding 100% holdout accuracy for red and infra-red (IR) PPG and 95.24% for green PPG with intralipid. These findings demonstrate technical feasibility for stiffness discrimination and motivate in vivo validation against clinical markers.

Identifiers

PMID41957271
PMCPMC13066162

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.