Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41956996›Full record

Observational studyThe Journal of international medical research2026

Demographics and mortality trends of hypertensive heart failure in the United States, 2006-2020: Insights from the CDC WONDER database.

Muhammad Faizan, Pramod Singh, Syed Mohammad Haleem, Asad Zaman, Mohammad Abdullah Humayun, Muhammad Mubariz, Abdul Rafae Faisal, Faisal Naveed Akhtar, Fnu Laiba, Rick Maity and 1 more

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in The Journal of international medical research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Muhammad FaizanDepartment of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar.
Pramod SinghBarhabise Primary Health Care Centre, Nepal.
Syed Mohammad HaleemDepartment of Medicine, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pakistan.
Asad ZamanDepartment of Medicine, CMH Multan Institute of Medical Sciences, Pakistan.
Mohammad Abdullah HumayunDepartment of Artificial Intelligence & Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, USA.
Muhammad MubarizDepartment of Medicine, Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College, Pakistan.
Abdul Rafae FaisalDepartment of Medicine, CMH Multan Institute of Medical Sciences, Pakistan.
Faisal Naveed AkhtarDepartment of Medicine, CMH Multan Institute of Medical Sciences, Pakistan.
Fnu LaibaDepartment of Medicine, Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College, Pakistan.
Rick MaitySchool of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India.ORCID 0009-0003-5316-2329
Arkadeep DhaliSheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

ObjectiveTo comprehensively examine hypertension- and heart failure-related mortality rates in the United States to develop a targeted approach to health policy development.MethodsWe analyzed death certificates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database, focusing on mortality caused by hypertensive heart failure in adults aged ≥25 years from 2006 to 2020. Age-adjusted mortality rates per 1,000,000 and annual percent changes were calculated and categorized by year, sex, race, urban status, age group, and census region.ResultsA total of 268,545 deaths occurred due to hypertensive heart failure between 2006 and 2020. The overall age-adjusted mortality rates increased from 60.5 in 2006 to 134.9 in 2020. Males had higher age-adjusted mortality rates than women (76.6 vs. 73.8). Older-aged people exhibited significantly higher age-adjusted mortality rates than young and middle-aged adults. Age-adjusted mortality rates were highest in non-Hispanic Blacks/African Americans and lowest in non-Hispanic Asians/Pacific Islanders (126.8-43.6). Furthermore, age-adjusted mortality rates were highest in individuals from nonmetropolitan areas and the Western region.ConclusionFollowing a period of decline, the age-adjusted mortality rates increased until 2020. The highest age-adjusted mortality rates were observed in non-Hispanic Blacks and nonmetropolitan areas. An urgent restructuring of healthcare policy is needed to reduce heart failure-associated mortality.

Indexed as

Heart FailureHypertensionAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAsianBlack or African AmericanCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.Databases, FactualDemographyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMortalityUnited StatesCenters for Disease Control and Preventiondatasetdemographicsheart failurehypertensionmortality

Identifiers

PMID41956996
PMCPMC13070146

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.