ArticlePhysical activity and nutrition2026
Repeated-sprint exercise delays gastric emptying independently of hypoxia and heat exposure.
Article in Physical activity and nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeThe present study examined the effects of repeated-sprint exercise in normoxia, hypoxia, and combined heat and hypoxia on the gastric emptying rate.
methodsEleven physically active males completed four experimental trials, consisting of a resting control (REST) and three exercise trials; three sets of 5 × 6-s maximal sprints in normoxia (NOR; 23℃, FiO2: 20.9%), hypoxia (HYP; 23℃, FiO2: 14.5%), and combined heat and hypoxia (HH; 35℃, FiO2: 14.5%) in a randomized order. Post-exercise gastric emptying rate was assessed by the 13C-sodium acetate breath test.
resultsThe 13C excretion was significantly lower in the exercise trials (NOR, HYP, and HH) than in the REST during 10-35 min after exercise (p < 0.05). Time to peak 13C excretion was significantly delayed in all exercise trials (NOR, HYP, and HH) compared with the REST (p < 0.05), with no difference among the exercise trials. The magnitude of the gastric emptying delay was correlated with power output and blood glucose during the exercise.
conclusionRepeated-sprint exercise significantly delayed gastric emptying, while additional hypoxic or heat stress did not exacerbate the delay, suggesting that hypoxic or heat stress can be applied during repeated-sprint training without negative impacts on gastric emptying.
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