A review of pharmaceutical removal from wastewater via hydrodynamic cavitation.

Pengyun Liu, Emanuela Calcio Gaudino, Judy Lee, Giancarlo Cravotto

Abstract readReview

In one paragraph

Review in Ultrasonics sonochemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Pengyun LiuDepartment of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy.

Emanuela Calcio GaudinoDepartment of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy.

Judy LeeSchool of Chemistry and Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK. Electronic address: j.y.lee@surrey.ac.uk.

Giancarlo CravottoDepartment of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy. Electronic address: giancarlo.cravotto@unito.it.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is a powerful advanced oxidation process for water and wastewater remediation, but the degradation mechanism of pharmaceuticals in water matrices remains unclear. This comprehensive review aims to inspire and guide future research in this field by reviewing the removal of pharmaceuticals in water and wastewater using various HC hybrid processes, including standalone HC, and HC combined with H

Indexed as

HydrodynamicsWastewaterWater Pollutants, ChemicalWater PurificationPharmaceutical PreparationsPharmaceutical PreparationsWastewaterWater Pollutants, ChemicalCavitational technologyPharmaceutical degradationVortex techniquesWastewater treatmentWater remediation

Identifiers

PMID41956028

DOI10.1016/j.ultsonch.2026.107843

PMCPMC13091153

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.