Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41955767›Full record

ArticleSchizophrenia research2026

Social withdrawal and hippocampal volume among adolescents at clinical high risk for psychosis and healthy comparisons: The moderating role of neighborhood residential stability.

Benson S Ku, Ella J Arrant, Qingyue E Yuan, Katrina M Aberizk, Jean M Addington, Carrie E Bearden, Kristin S Cadenhead, Tyrone D Cannon, Ricardo E Carrión, Matcheri S Keshavan and 5 more

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Article in Schizophrenia research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Benson S KuDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 1440 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA. Electronic address: Bsku@emory.edu.
Ella J ArrantDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 1440 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Qingyue E YuanDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 1440 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Katrina M AberizkDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Jean M AddingtonDepartment of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
Carrie E BeardenDepartments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
Kristin S CadenheadDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Tyrone D CannonDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Psychology, Yale University, 100 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
Ricardo E CarriónInstitute of Behavioral Science, Feinstein Institutes of Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA.
Matcheri S KeshavanDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Daniel H MathalonDepartment of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of California, 675 18th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.
Diana O PerkinsDepartment of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 33 S Columbus Street, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.
William S StoneDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Scott W WoodsDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
Elaine F WalkerDepartment of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.

Funding

STRESS AND EMOTIONAL REACTIVITYP50MH066286 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI NUECHTERLEIN, KEITH H · 2003 to 2014
$18.6M
1/9 Predictors and Mechanisms of Conversion to PsychosisU01MH081902 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI CANNON, TYRONE D · 2008 to 2018
$12.4M
4/9-Predictors and Mechanisms of Conversion to PsychosisU01MH081857 · NIMH · FEINSTEIN INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH · PI CORNBLATT, BARBARA A. · 2008 to 2018
$6.2M
8/9 Predictors and Mechanisms of Conversion to PsychosisU01MH082022 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI WOODS, SCOTT W · 2008 to 2018
$6.0M
2/9 - Predictors and Mechanisms of Conversion to PsychosisU01MH081988 · NIMH · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI WALKER, ELAINE FRAN · 2008 to 2018
$5.4M
6/9-Predictors and Mechanisms of Conversion to PsychosisU01MH081944 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI CADENHEAD, KRISTIN S. · 2008 to 2018
$4.9M
Functional Brain Abnormalities in the Schizophrenia ProdromeR01MH076989 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI MATHALON, DANIEL H · 2007 to 2014
$2.3M
Enhancing the Prospective Prediction of PsychosisU01MH066069 · NIMH · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI PERKINS, DIANA O. · 2003 to 2007
$1.5M
Impact of Neighborhood Characteristics on Conversion to Psychosis among Youth at Clinical High Risk for PsychosisK23MH129684 · NIMH · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Benson Ku · 2022 to 2026
$970k
Enhancing the Prospective Prediction of PsychosisU01MH066134 · NIMH · CENTRE FOR ADDICTION AND MENTAL HEALTH · PI ADDINGTON, JEAN M · 2003 to 2007
$869k
NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH129684NIMH NIH HHS P50 MH066286NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH076989NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH066069NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH066134NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH081857NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH081902NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH081944NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH081988NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH082022
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveHippocampal volume (HV) reductions are a nonspecific marker of psychiatric vulnerability, including risk for psychosis. However, the behavioral and contextual factors that shape this association remain poorly understood. This study examined whether social withdrawal, a behavioral risk factor for psychosis, is associated with HV in adolescents, and whether neighborhood residential stability moderates this relationship.

methodsParticipants included 166 youth at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) and 41 healthy comparisons (ages 12-19, 40.1% female, 51.2% White non-Hispanic) from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study Phase 2. Clinicians assessed social withdrawal via the Premorbid Adjustment Scale. We derived residential stability measures from the 2010-2014 5-year American Community Survey estimates. Using linear mixed-effects models, we tested cross-sectional associations between bilateral HV and social withdrawal. Follow-up models tested the interaction between social withdrawal and neighborhood residential stability.

resultsGreater social withdrawal was associated with reduced bilateral HV in both univariable (left: β = -0.180, 95% CI = -0.316 to -0.044; right: β = -0.189, 95% CI = -0.317 to -0.060) and multivariable models (left: β = -0.169, 95% CI = -0.313 to -0.026; right: β = -0.154, 95% CI = -0.296 to -0.012). Notably, this association was moderated by neighborhood residential stability (left: interaction β = 0.217, 95% CI = 0.064 to 0.370; right: interaction β = 0.191, 95% CI = 0.048 to 0.333).

conclusionsSocial withdrawal may reflect neurodevelopmental vulnerability in adolescence, and neighborhood stability may buffer this risk. These findings underscore the value of integrating both behavioral and contextual factors into early risk detection and intervention efforts.

Indexed as

HippocampusNeighborhood CharacteristicsPsychotic DisordersResidence CharacteristicsSocial IsolationAdolescentChildCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleOrgan SizeProdromal SymptomsRiskAdolescenceHippocampal volumeNeighborhood residential stabilityPsychosis riskSocial withdrawal

Identifiers

PMID41955767
PMCPMC13094779

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.