Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41954655›Full record

ArticlePediatric surgery international2026

Analysis of neuromuscular blockade use and prognosis in resuscitation of isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia: data from Japanese CDH Study Group.

Akiko Yokoi, Satoko Ohfuji, Keita Terui, Kouji Nagata, Yasunori Sato, Hidehiko Maruyama, Katsuaki Toyoshima, Yoshiaki Sato, Masaya Yamoto, Kiyokazu Kim and 8 more

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Article in Pediatric surgery international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Akiko YokoiDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, 1-6-7 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuoku, Kobe, 6500047, Japan. yokoi_kch@hp.pref.hyogo.jp.
Satoko OhfujiDepartment of Public Health, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
Keita TeruiDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311‑1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
Kouji NagataDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Yasunori SatoDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Hidehiko MaruyamaDivision of Neonatology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
Katsuaki ToyoshimaDepartment of Neonatology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.
Yoshiaki SatoDivision of Neonatology, Center for Maternal‑Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
Masaya YamotoDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
Kiyokazu KimDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Kouji MasumotoDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Tsukuba University, Tsukuba, Japan.
Tadaharu OkazakiDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Noboru InamuraDepartment of Pediatrics, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan.
Yuhki KoikeDepartment of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan.
Yuta YazakiDepartment of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Yunosuke KawaguchiDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Hiroomi OkuyamaDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Noriaki UsuiDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Izumi, Japan.

Funding

grant from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan 23FC1051
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeNeuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) may reduce lung compliance and affect long-term outcomes in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). This study investigated the association between NMBA use during CDH resuscitation and outcomes, including neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL).

methodsWe retrospectively analyzed 438 isolated CDH cases from the Japanese CDH Study Group registry (2006–2021), comparing those who received NMBAs at 5 min post-birth with those who did not. Outcomes included mortality, hospital stay, weaning from ventilation, NDI, and SNHL at discharge and at 1.5, 3, and 6 years. Cox proportional hazards models assessed prognosis in prenatally classified mild and moderate-to-extreme groups.

resultsNMBA recipients (n = 138) had more severe prenatal findings, higher 5-min intubation rates, greater early oxygenation index, and longer hospital stays (55 vs. 46 days, p < 0.01). Mortality was higher but not significant (19% vs. 13%, p = 0.09). Adjusted hazard ratios for NDI and SNHL showed no significant associations overall or by severity group.

conclusionsNMBA use in CDH resuscitation was not significantly associated with mortality, NDI, or SNHL. Further studies evaluating NMBA duration and cumulative exposure are needed to clarify its potential impact on outcomes.

Indexed as

Hernias, Diaphragmatic, CongenitalNeuromuscular BlockadeNeuromuscular Blocking AgentsResuscitationChild, PreschoolEast Asian PeopleFemaleHearing Loss, SensorineuralHumansInfantInfant, NewbornJapanMaleNeurodevelopmental DisordersPrognosisRegistriesNeuromuscular Blocking AgentsCongenital diaphragmatic herniaNeonateNeurodevelopmental impairmentNeuromuscular blockadeResuscitationSensorineural hearing loss

Identifiers

PMID41954655

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.