Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41952878›Full record

ArticlePublic health in practice (Oxford, England)2026

Community-based HyPertension Control (CHPC) in Nepal: Cluster randomized implementation trial protocol.

Archana Shrestha, Sujata Sapkota, Dinesh Timalsena, Pragya Sharma, Anna K Porter, Drew B Cameron, Ashley Hagaman, Dinesh Neupane, Meghnath Dhimal, Sushmita Mali and 8 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Public health in practice (Oxford, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06081010 (Community Health Worker Led Hypertension Prevention and Control), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06081010 narecruitingnot on this map

Community Health Worker Led Hypertension Prevention and Control (CHPC) in Nepal: An Implementation Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorYale UniversityRan2024 to 2027Enrolled3,572ConditionsHypertensionArmsCommunity Health Worker Intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Archana ShresthaDepartment of Public Health, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
Sujata SapkotaInstitute for Implementation Science and Health, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Dinesh TimalsenaDepartment of Public Health and Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
Pragya SharmaDepartment of Public Health and Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
Anna K PorterCenter for Methods in Implementation and Prevention Science, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
Drew B CameronCenter for Methods in Implementation and Prevention Science, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
Ashley HagamanCenter for Methods in Implementation and Prevention Science, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
Dinesh NeupaneDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Meghnath DhimalNepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Sushmita MaliInstitute for Implementation Science and Health, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Lisasha PoudelInstitute for Implementation Science and Health, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Reshu Agrawal SagtaniNIHR Global Health Research Center for Multiple Long Term Conditions, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Bandana PaneruDepartment of Public Health, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
Pratiksha PaudelDepartment of Public Health and Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
Anjali JoshiDepartment of Public Health and Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
Dipak Raj ChaulagainInstitute for Implementation Science and Health, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Robin Man KarmacharyaDepartment of Surgery (Cardio Thoracic and Vascular), Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
Donna SpiegelmanCenter for Methods in Implementation and Prevention Science, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.

Funding

Community Health Worker Led Hypertension Prevention and Control (CHPC) in Nepal: An Implementation TrialR01HL169421 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI DONNA L SPIEGELMAN, Archana Shrestha · 2023 to 2026
$2.3M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL169421
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the implementation i.e., reach, adoption, fidelity, and maintenance; and effectiveness on blood pressure reduction of implementation strategies to enhance uptake of community-based hypertension control intervention in Nepal. Study design: A cluster randomized, hybrid type III effectiveness-implementation trial. Methods: The study focuses on Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance of the RE-AIM framework implementation outcomes. We will conduct a cluster randomized trial in Sindhupalchowk district, randomizing 102 health facilities in the district into the CHPC intervention (n = 51) and standard care control (n = 51) groups. The CHPC includes community-based BP monitoring, lifestyle counseling and medication adherence monitoring. The implementation strategies of CHPC intervention will include a) leadership support and ongoing program promotion, b) capacity building of healthcare workers and Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHVs) in hypertension management, c) FCHV group meetings and home visits, and d) creating social networks to promote shared learning. Participants (n = 3,572, 35 in each of the 102 clusters) aged ≥30 years with BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg and/or on medications will be recruited. Participants from intervention clusters will be assessed against those residing in the control communities. Implementation outcomes (reach, adoption, implementation and maintenance) will be assessed using data from the process evaluation in intervention health facilities. The evaluation will use a mixed-method approach. For effectiveness, the mean decrease in systolic BP in the intervention group compared to the control group will be assessed 12 months after the intervention begins. The cost-effectiveness of the intervention will also be assessed. We will conduct observations, periodic reflections, focused group discussions and key informant interviews to explore implementation outcomes. Qualitative methods will be informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and analyzed using a rapid qualitative analytic approach and thematic analysis. Discussion: This study will provide evidence for tested approaches and mechanisms for utilizing and embedding community health volunteers in hypertension care to mitigate hypertension burden and improve quality of life. Protocol version: 2; October 2024. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06081010

Indexed as

Female community health volunteersHypertensionImplementation trialNepal

Identifiers

PMID41952878
PMCPMC13053788

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.