Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41952346›Full record

ArticleActa psychiatrica Scandinavica2026

Comparative Clinical Trajectories Across Cannabis-Related and Nonsubstance-Related Psychoses.

Antti Mustonen, Solja Niemelä, Alexander Denissoff, Antti Tanskanen, Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz, Markku Lähteenvuo, Jari Tiihonen, Heidi Taipale

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Antti MustonenFaculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Solja NiemeläDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Alexander DenissoffDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Antti TanskanenDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ellenor Mittendorfer-RutzDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Markku LähteenvuoDepartment of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7244-145X
Jari TiihonenDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Heidi TaipaleDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Funding

AlkoholitutkimussäätiöJuho Vainion SäätiöState funding for university- level health research, Tampere University HospitalVetenskapsrådet 2021-00154Vetenskapsrådet 2024-03340
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundResearch indicates that first-episode psychosis (FEP) with cannabis use disorder (CUD) carries a substantial disease burden, but more granular clinical trajectories of cannabis-related psychoses remain unclear. This study examines the clinical trajectories of first clinically diagnosed FEP&CUD and cannabis-induced psychosis (CIP) in comparison with FEP without substance use disorder (SUD).

methodsFrom the linkage of nationwide administrative and medical registers of Sweden (2006-2021), we identified 1772 individuals (84.1% men) with incident CIP, 1360 individuals (84.3% men) with FEP&CUD and matched individuals with FEP but without SUD and followed them up until 2023. We compared annual prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses before and after cohort entry, medication use, days in inpatient care, and the risks of hospitalization for psychosis and death.

resultsMean age at first diagnosis was 26.6 years (SD 8.3) for incident CIP and 26.9 years (SD 8.4) for FEP&CUD and FEP without SUD. Individuals in the FEP without SUD cohort were more likely to have a record of schizophrenia diagnosis compared to the FEP&CUD and CIP cohorts during the first (14.41%, 6.25%, 2.37%) and second year (10.88%, 7.13%, 3.27%) after cohort entry. However, FEP&CUD and CIP cohorts had a more pronounced burden of inpatient treatment as well as elevated risks of hospitalization for psychosis (aHR = 1.66; 95% CI 1.49-1.86 and aHR = 1.47; 1.32-1.64) and death (aHR = 2.02; 1.44-2.82 and aHR = 1.80; 1.30-2.50) compared to individuals with FEP without SUD.

conclusionsCannabis-related psychoses, that is, FEP&CUD and CIP, were associated with poor outcomes, including high risk of hospitalization for psychosis and increased mortality, underscoring the need for targeted interventions. Moreover, the overlapping clinical trajectories suggest that cannabis-related psychoses may not represent clinically distinct entities but instead lie on a continuum.

Indexed as

Marijuana AbusePsychoses, Substance-InducedPsychotic DisordersSubstance-Related DisordersAdultFemaleHospitalizationHumansMalePrevalenceRegistriesSchizophreniaSwedenYoung Adultcannabis‐induced psychosisfirst‐episode psychosishospitalizationmortalityoutcomeregister studytrajectory

Identifiers

PMID41952346
PMCPMC13327216

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.