Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41952300›Full record

ArticleThe International journal of eating disorders2026

Effectiveness of Virtually Delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder.

P Evelyna Kambanis, Kelly Cai, Jennifer J Thomas, Kamryn T Eddy, David Freestone, Jessica Baker, Jessie Menzel, Eliane Boucher

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The International journal of eating disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

P Evelyna KambanisEating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1950-3332
Kelly CaiAMC Department of Psychiatry, Mass General Brigham, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6853-9543
Jennifer J ThomasEating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2601-581X
Kamryn T EddyEating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1586-0930
David FreestoneEquip Health, Carlsbad, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4914-0226
Jessica BakerEquip Health, Carlsbad, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-2398
Jessie MenzelEquip Health, Carlsbad, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4294-2680
Eliane BoucherEquip Health, Carlsbad, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1384-7177

Funding

Mentorship in Biobehavioral Mechanisms of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake DisorderK24MH135189 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI JENNIFER JOANNE THOMAS · 2023 to 2026
$747k
Development and testing of a mobile app to scale delivery of cognitive- behavioral therapy for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorderK23MH139989 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Paraskevi Evelyna Kambanis · 2025 to 2026
$395k
NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH139989NIMH NIH HHS K23MH139989NIMH NIH HHS K24 MH135189NIMH NIH HHS K24MH135189
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveCognitive-behavioral therapy for ARFID (CBT-AR) has demonstrated preliminary efficacy in open trials, but no studies have examined its effectiveness in real-world settings. We evaluated the effectiveness of virtually delivered CBT-AR for adults with ARFID and examined whether baseline symptom severity within each ARFID profile predicted corresponding symptom improvement.

methodN = 549 adults with ARFID received CBT-AR through Equip Health. We collected weight and Pica, ARFID, and Rumination Disorder Interview-ARFID Questionnaire data at intake and throughout treatment. Ordinary least squares regressions examined changes in weight and ARFID symptoms, and whether baseline severity within each profile predicted improvement in that domain, controlling for severity in other profiles and demographic/clinical covariates.

resultsPatients requiring weight restoration (n = 243) gained an average of 0.34 lb (0.15 kg) per week (p < 0.001). In the full sample, patients demonstrated significant reductions in sensory sensitivity (b = -0.05, 95% CI [-0.07, -0.04]), fear of aversive consequences (b = -0.04, 95% CI [-0.05, -0.02]), and lack of interest in food/eating (b = -0.04, 95% CI [-0.05, -0.03]; all ps < 0.001). Greater baseline severity within each profile uniquely predicted greater improvement in the corresponding profile (all bs = -0.03, all ps < 0.001). DISCUSSION: CBT-AR delivered virtually under naturalistic conditions is effective for adults with ARFID, producing significant improvements in weight and ARFID symptoms. Though randomized controlled trials are needed to establish definitive efficacy, findings provide preliminary support for dissemination beyond specialized research settings and demonstrate the clinical utility of profile-based treatment planning.

Indexed as

Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake DisorderCognitive Behavioral TherapyAdultFemaleHumansMaleMental Health TeletherapyMiddle AgedTreatment Outcomeavoidant/restrictive food intake disordercognitive‐behavioral therapyeating disorderseffectiveness researchfear of aversive consequenceslack of interest in food/eatingsensory sensitivitytelehealthtreatment outcomesweight restoration

Identifiers

PMID41952300
PMCPMC13421729

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.