Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41951860›Full record

ArticleCommunications medicine2026

Birth imprinting effects on the antibody responses of H7N9 patients from 2013-2018 in China.

Xia Lin, Wenda Guan, Liping Chen, Yin Su, Zaolan Liang, Cheng Xiao, Yaqin Bai, Hui Lei, Fangmei Lin, Zhenting Huang and 16 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Communications medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors.

Xia LinGuangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Wenda GuanState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Liping ChenGuangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Yin SuDepartment of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
Zaolan LiangHKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-1626-4955
Cheng XiaoHKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Yaqin BaiHKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Hui LeiSchool of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Fangmei LinState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Zhenting HuangState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Isaac Cheuk Long ChowHKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Bingyi YangWHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0811-8332
Tim K TsangWHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Yunceng WengState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Nisha BhandariMolecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-6881-6552
Raghavan VaradarajanMolecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0823-7577
Malik PeirisSchool of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8217-5995
Benjamin CowlingWHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6297-7154
Tang LiDepartment of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
Maureen McGargillDepartment of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
Paul G ThomasProgram in Immunology and Vaccine Development, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Nanshan ZhongState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2515-5589
Richard WebbyDepartment of Host-Microbe Interactions, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4397-7132
Zifeng Yang *State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2681-4171
Mark Zanin *School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Sook-San Wong *HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. sooksan@hku.hk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1290-191X

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 81761128014Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (Guangdong Natural Science Foundation) 2019A1515012070
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is an urgent need to understand the immune correlates of protection against avian influenza viruses (AIV), where pre-existing immunity may be limited.

methodsHere, we characterized the antibody response in 12 severely ill A(H7N9) patients and examined its association with early-life imprinting and clinical outcome.

resultsWe find that A(H7N9) patients imprinted with A(H2N2) during early life show minimal H7-IgM and a rapid IgG response across diverse hemagglutinin subtypes. They also have more high avidity H7-antibodies compared to older or younger patients. Early antibody titers against seasonal H1, H3, and conserved stalk domains trend negatively with clinical severity in A(H7N9) infection, while an inverse pattern is observed following severe A(H1N1) infection, potentially suggesting a different mechanism of immune regulation between seasonal and avian influenza virus infections.

conclusionsThese data provide direct serological evidence that birth imprinting profoundly shapes the humoral immune landscape during zoonotic influenza infection and may influence subsequent disease outcome.

Identifiers

PMID41951860
PMCPMC13237065

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.