Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41951732›Full record

ArticleNature2026

Mummified early Permian reptile reveals ancient amniote breathing apparatus.

Robert R Reisz, Ethan D Mooney, Tea Maho, David Mazierski, Xu Chu, Joseph J Bevitt, Yao-Chang Lee, Pei-Yu Huang, Xiaobo Li, Jun Chen

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Robert R Reisz *College of Earth Sciences, International Center of Future Science, Geological Museum and Dinosaur Evolution Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Exploration and Imaging, Bioarchaeology Laboratory, Jilin University, Changchun, China. robert.reisz@utoronto.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7454-1649
Ethan D Mooney *Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. ethan_mooney@g.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-6686-5003
Tea MahoDepartment of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5753-5231
David MazierskiDepartment of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0754-2991
Xu ChuDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6816-1076
Joseph J BevittAustralian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3502-4649
Yao-Chang LeeNational Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Pei-Yu HuangNational Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Xiaobo LiCollege of Earth Sciences, International Center of Future Science, Geological Museum and Dinosaur Evolution Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Exploration and Imaging, Bioarchaeology Laboratory, Jilin University, Changchun, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4039-6172
Jun ChenCollege of Earth Sciences, International Center of Future Science, Geological Museum and Dinosaur Evolution Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Exploration and Imaging, Bioarchaeology Laboratory, Jilin University, Changchun, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1019-3881

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Costal aspiration breathing was an evolutionary innovation that was fundamental to the conquest of the terrestrial realm by amniotes (mammals, reptiles, birds and their common ancestor)

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionFossilsReptilesAnimalsCartilageMummiesRespirationRibsSternum

Identifiers

PMID41951732

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.