Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41951642›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Intraocular pressure induced blood retinal barrier compromise in mouse models and human glaucoma.

Chi Zhang, Haeyn Lim, Jennifer D Ballheim, Marina Simón, Rui Fu, Nicholas G Tolman, Logan J Horbal, Felicia A Juarez, Qing Wang, Aakriti Bhandari and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Chi ZhangDepartment of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2693-6643
Haeyn Lim *Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Jennifer D Ballheim *Department of Biochemistry & Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Campus, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-5249-7354
Marina Simón *Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Rui FuNew York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8183-4549
Nicholas G TolmanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Logan J HorbalDepartment of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Felicia A JuarezDepartment of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Qing WangDepartment of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Aakriti BhandariDepartment of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Christa MontgomeryDepartment of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-2430-2772
Ling ZhuFaculty of Medicine and Health, Save Sight Institute, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Jonathan G CrowstonFaculty of Medicine and Health, Save Sight Institute, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Nicolas RobineNew York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5698-8183
Michael P FautschDepartment of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Michael H ElliottDepartment of Biochemistry & Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Campus, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2289-8718
Simon W M JohnDepartment of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. sj2967@cumc.columbia.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4319-0356

Funding

Factors Determining Intraocular Pressure and Glaucoma SusceptibilityR01EY011721 · NEI · JACKSON LABORATORY · PI JOHN, SIMON W · 2002 to 2018
$12.4M
P30-CENTER CORE GRANT FOR VISION RESEARCHP30EY021725 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR · PI Michelle C Callegan · 2011 to 2026
$10.5M
Cell Death Pathways in Glaucomatous NeurodegenerationR01EY018606 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI JOHN, SIMON W, LIBBY, RICHARD T · 2008 to 2023
$5.8M
Caveolae-Based Mechanosensors for Conventional Outflow RegulationR01EY028608 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR · PI MICHAEL H ELLIOTT, W Daniel Stamer · 2018 to 2026
$3.8M
Models, mechanisms and treatment of LMX1B-induced glaucomaR01EY032507 · NEI · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI JOHN, SIMON W · 2021 to 2024
$2.3M
NEI NIH HHS P30 EY021725NEI NIH HHS R01 EY011721NEI NIH HHS R01 EY018606NEI NIH HHS R01 EY028608NEI NIH HHS R01 EY032507U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Eye Institute (NEI) EY011721U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Eye Institute (NEI) EY028608U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Eye Institute (NEI) EY032062U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Eye Institute (NEI) R01EY018606U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Eye Institute (NEI) R01EY032507
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The integrity of the blood-retinal barrier remains largely unexplored in glaucoma. Here we show that elevated intraocular pressure partially compromises the blood-retinal barrier in three distinct mouse models of glaucoma. This compromise induces subtle leakage without bleeding or detectable disruption of endothelial cell junctions and precedes neurodegeneration. Leakage occurs from peripheral veins in the retinal ganglion cell layer with a concomitant loss of the transcytosis inhibitor MFSD2A. RNA-sequencing, protein analyses and electron microscopy support enhanced transcytosis as the mechanism for leakage, although a subtle and partial junctional component cannot be ruled out. Importantly, stabilizing β-catenin in retinal endothelial cells prevents both vascular leakage and neurodegeneration. We further detect ganglion cell layer-specific leakage in 14/17 human primary open-angle glaucoma eyes but not in age-matched controls. The high incidence of leakage in mouse models and the human glaucoma eyes suggests that blood-retinal barrier compromise may be a common mechanism of glaucoma.

Indexed as

Blood-Retinal BarrierGlaucomaGlaucoma, Open-AngleIntraocular PressureAnimalsbeta CateninDisease Models, AnimalEndothelial CellsFemaleHumansMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLRetinal Ganglion CellsTranscytosisbeta Catenin

Identifiers

PMID41951642
PMCPMC13237308

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.