Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41951636›Full record

ArticleScientific data2026

From theory to practice: Re-identification Challenge to test imaging data pseudonymization effectiveness.

Rocío Catalán Flores, Ignacio Gómez-Rico Junquero, Paula Jiménez Gómez, Joao Gomes Carvalho, Simone Mazzetti, Ricard Martínez Martínez, José Damián Segrelles Quilis, Pau Lozano Lloret, Adrián Galiana-Bordera, Irene Bargellini and 3 more

Abstract readDataset
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific data, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Rocío Catalán FloresGrupo de Investigación Biomédica en Imagen (GIBI230), Valencia, Spain. rocio_catalan@iislafe.es.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-8162-1552
Ignacio Gómez-Rico JunqueroGrupo de Investigación Biomédica en Imagen (GIBI230), Valencia, Spain.
Paula Jiménez GómezGrupo de Investigación Biomédica en Imagen (GIBI230), Valencia, Spain.
Joao Gomes CarvalhoCentro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António (CHUdSA), Porto, Portugal.
Simone MazzettiCandiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy.
Ricard Martínez MartínezUniversitat de València (UV), Valencia, Spain.
José Damián Segrelles QuilisInstituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Valencia, Spain.
Pau Lozano LloretInstituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Valencia, Spain.
Adrián Galiana-BorderaGrupo de Investigación Biomédica en Imagen (GIBI230), Valencia, Spain.
Irene BargelliniCandiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy.
Daniele ReggeCandiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy.
Manuela FrançaCentro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António (CHUdSA), Porto, Portugal.
Luis Martí-BonmatíGrupo de Investigación Biomédica en Imagen (GIBI230), Valencia, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8234-010X

Funding

EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020) 952172
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

DICOM image pseudonymization is an effective measure to protect patient privacy and ensure compliance with the GDPR. However, no standardized methods guarantee the irreversible anonymization of DICOM images or provide evidence on the robustness of these procedures. Organizations such as NEMA propose pseudonymization profiles for DICOM metadata, but the risk to data protection is assumed by the entity responsible for pseudonymization, as the potential privacy risks associated with their use cannot be accurately assessed. In the Re-identification Challenge, the selected 68 participants were tasked with re-identifying 38 pseudonymized DICOM studies from multiple European acquisition sites, modalities and anatomical regions. The data were pseudonymized using the pseudonymization profiles developed in ChAImeleon

Indexed as

Anonyms and PseudonymsData AnonymizationRadiology Information SystemsConfidentialityHumansMetadata

Identifiers

PMID41951636
PMCPMC13424615

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.