ArticleThe Journal of veterinary medical science2026
Influence of ovarian dynamics on fertility in dairy cows: a timed artificial insemination protocol with 12-day progesterone-releasing intravaginal device insertion and ovulation induction with estradiol benzoate.
Article in The Journal of veterinary medical science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate ovarian dynamics and fertility during a labor-saving timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocol using a progesterone-releasing intravaginal device (PRID) with an estradiol benzoate (EB) capsule. Forty-eight lactating dairy cows with ovarian echogenic structures considered to be corpus luteum (CL) received PRID for 12 days (d0-12), EB injection on d13, and TAI on d14. Ovulation was monitored on d14-16, and 13 cows without confirmed ovulation by d15 received a second AI on d15. Pregnancy was confirmed in 21 cows, including 18 by TAI only and 3 after re-insemination (43.8%). Among 45 cows (excluding 3 that conceived after re-insemination), pregnancy rates (P/TAI) were 60% (12/20) for cows whose CL disappeared by d5 (early luteolysis), 38.5% (5/13) for those whose CL disappeared on d6-14 (late luteolysis), and 8.3% (1/12) for those whose CL remained detectable on d14 (incomplete luteolysis). Cows with incomplete luteolysis had lower fertility than those with early luteolysis (odds ratio, 0.06; 95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.41; P=0.002). P/TAI did not differ significantly between cows with follicular turnover (emergence of new follicular wave) on d2-5 (42.3%, 11/26) and those without (36.8%, 7/19). Ovulation was synchronized in 91.7% (44/48) within 3 days after EB injection. Four anovular cows had a large CL (≥20 mm) on d14. Thus, the 12-day PRID plus single EB protocol was practical. However, ovulation synchronization failed in 4 cows with incomplete luteolysis.
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